Abstract: In one aspect, a mixer that provides improved isolation between an input oscillator and a mixing cell. In another aspect, a mixer that includes circuitry operative to shape an input signal provided by a local oscillator.

Abstract: A surface mountable transformer integratable into a printed circuit board. In one aspect, the transformer comprises two broadside vertically coupled transmission lines. In another aspect, the transformer may comprise two broadside vertically partially coupled transmission lines. The layout of the transformer is adaptable for use in microwave modules where transformers are integrated into the printed circuit board and the active components are mounted in the cavity. The layout preferably requires only two signal areas. In addition, an aspect of the present invention allows the differential or unbalanced ports to lie on the same surface as the balanced port.

Abstract: A surface mountable transformer integratable into a printed circuit board. In one aspect, the transformer comprises two broadside vertically coupled transmission lines. In another aspect, the transformer may comprise two broadside vertically partially coupled transmission lines. The layout of the transformer is adaptable for use in microwave modules where transformers are integrated into the printed circuit board and the active components are mounted in the cavity. The layout preferably requires only two signal areas. In addition, an aspect of the present invention allows the differential or unbalanced ports to lie on the same surface as the balanced port.

Abstract: In one aspect, a mixer that provides improved isolation between an input oscillator and a mixing cell. In another aspect, a mixer that includes circuitry operative to shape an input signal provided by a local oscillator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a single side band modulator for splitting a signal into a first split signal and a second split signal 90 degrees out of phase with the first split signal. A first double balanced mixer modulates the first split signal and includes a transformer, a modulating signal input, and a first diode ring. The transformer connects the first diode ring to a quadrature hybrid. A second double balanced mixer modulates the second split signal and includes a transformer, a modulating signal input, and a second diode ring. The transformer of the second double balanced mixer connects the second diode ring to the quadrature hybrid. The first and second diode rings are connected in parallel and are connected to a third transformer which performs the function of a power combiner.