Abstract: Performing efficient cache invalidation is disclosed, including: receiving an invalidation request to invalidate one or more invalidated cache entries at a cache storage: determining whether an invalidation pattern included in the invalidation request matches an invalidation pattern associated with an existing invalidation entry of an invalidation data structure; in the event that the invalidation pattern included in the invalidation request matches the invalidation pattern associated with the existing invalidation entry of the invalidation data structure, updating the existing invalidation entry with an invalidation timestamp included in the invalidation request, and in the event that the invalidation pattern included in the invalidation request does not match invalidation patterns associated with existing invalidation entries of the invalidation data structure, generating a new invalidation entry in the invalidation data structure with the invalidation pattern and the invalidation timestamp included in the

Abstract: Performing cache invalidation is disclosed, including: receiving an invalidation request to invalidate one or more invalidated cache entries of a cache storage, wherein the cache storage is configured to store cache entries; storing the invalidation request to invalidate the one or more invalidated cache entries in an invalidation data structure; prior to removing the one or more invalidated cache entries from the cache storage, receiving a data retrieval request for a requested cache entry from the cache storage; and using the invalidation data structure to determine whether the requested cache entry has been invalidated.

Abstract: A method for organizing, visualizing, and navigating data objects within a dataset is presented, including network visualization alongside a detailed information display. The method includes interactivity with the visualization through network panning, zooming, and node clicking. The network nodes represent the data objects. Node proximity and links represent similarity or other relatedness measures between respective data objects. The network can be displayed in full to illustrate large scale properties. Clicking the nodes provides further data object information of the highlighted node, which is displayed alongside the network.

Abstract: An herbal formulation for the modulation of immune system of HIV infected patients and a process of preparation thereof are provided. The process includes (i) preparing a hydromethanolic extract of at least one plant selected from Hippophae rhamnoides, Convolvulus pluricaulis, Withania somnifera, Ocimum sanctum, and Cynodon dactylon at 80-90° C., maintaining the pH of the solution between 6-7; (ii) separating the active compound chromatographically; and (iii) subjecting the active compounds to the step of molecular characterization.