Abstract: An implantable biosensor system is disclosed for determining levels of cardiac markers in a patient to aid in the diagnosis, determination of the severity and management of cardiovascular diseases. The sensor includes nanowire sensor elements having a biological recognition element attached to a nanowire transducer that specifically binds to the cardiac marker being measured. Each of the sensor elements is associated with a protective member that prevents the sensor element from interacting with the surrounding environment. At a selected time, the protective member may be disabled, thereby allowing the sensor element to begin sensing signals within a living body.

Abstract: An implantable biosensor system is disclosed for determining levels of cardiac markers in a patient to aid in the diagnosis, determination of the severity and management of cardiovascular diseases. The sensor includes nanowire sensor elements having a biological recognition element attached to a nanowire transducer that specifically binds to the cardiac marker being measured. Each of the sensor elements is associated with a protective member that prevents the sensor element from interacting with the surrounding environment. At a selected time, the protective member may be disabled, thereby allowing the sensor element to begin sensing signals within a living body.

Abstract: A method comprising sensing a blood pressure signal, deriving a hemodynamic measure from the sensed blood pressure signal, adjusting an extra systolic stimulation control parameter in response to the hemodynamic measure, and delivering extra systolic stimulation pulses according to the adjusted control parameter. The sensed blood pressure signal may be a ventricular or arterial blood pressure signal from which an estimated cardiac output, end diastolic pressure, mean pressure or any other hemodynamic measure is derived. Adjusting the extra systolic stimulation control parameter may include adjusting a pacing rate, a pacing interval, an extra systolic stimulation ratio, an extra systolic stimulation interval or enabling or terminating the extra systolic stimulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for assessing ventricular function on a chronic basis using a plurality of electrodes disposed on or about a left ventricle and/or a right ventricle—and optionally, at least one mechanical or metabolic sensor—all operatively electrically coupled to an implantable medical device. The plurality of electrodes are preferably spaced-apart so that at least one electrode is disposed electrical communication with a discrete volume of ventricular tissue. In one embodiment, the discrete volume of tissue is defined by multiple longitudinal and axial planes as known and used in the medical arts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for assessing ventricular function on a chronic basis using a plurality of electrodes disposed on or about a left ventricle and/or a right ventricle—and optionally, at least one mechanical or metabolic sensor—all operatively electrically coupled to an implantable medical device. The plurality of electrodes are preferably spaced-apart so that at least one electrode is disposed electrical communication with a discrete volume of ventricular tissue. In one embodiment, the discrete volume of tissue is defined by multiple longitudinal and axial planes as known and used in the medical arts.

Abstract: An implantable biosensor system is disclosed for determining levels of cardiac markers in a patient to aid in the diagnosis, determination of the severity and management of cardiovascular diseases. The sensor includes nanowire sensor elements having a biological recognition element attached to a nanowire transducer that specifically binds to the cardiac marker being measured. Each of the sensor elements is associated with a protective member that prevents the sensor element from interacting with the surrounding environment. At a selected time, the protective member may be disabled, thereby allowing the sensor element to begin sensing signals within a living body.