Abstract: Crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate, hydrate, methods of making the hydrate, pharmaceutical compositions containing the hydrate, and methods of using the hydrate to treat diseases or disorders such as Parkinson's disease are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to crystalline oxalate salts of biphenyl-2-ylcarbamic acid 1-(2-{[4-(4-{[(R)-2-hydroxy-2-(8-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-5-yl)ethylamino]-methyl}phenylcarbamoyl)butyl]methylcarbamoyl}ethyl)piperidin-4-yl ester. This invention also relates to compositions containing such a crystalline oxalate salt; methods of using such a crystalline oxalate salt to, for example, treat a pulmonary disorder; and to processes for preparing such a crystalline oxalate salt.

Abstract: In various aspects are provided a microfluidic and/or nanofluidic sensor that can provide an indication of the reliability of its measurement of the presence of an analyte in a sample under investigation, an analyte concentration in the sample under investigation, or both. The provided sensors, microfluidic devices, and methods of analyte detection, utilize two transduction mechanisms from the same molecule to determine analyte presence, analyte concentration, or both. An analyte sensing molecule is used that can provide both an optical signal and electrochemical signal when an analyte is recognized by an analyte binding portion of the sensing molecule.