Abstract: The instant disclosure provides a composition for fluid catalytic cracking of petroleum based feedstock into useful short chain olefins. The composition comprising: 76-86% of a non-zeolitic material; and 2-30% of at least one zeolite material, the percentage being based on weight of the catalyst composition, wherein one of the zeolites has been modified with 0.1-2.5 wt % metal. The said catalyst was found to be selective in enhancing the usable propylene gas content, while reducing the undesirable dry gas content of the cracked olefinic products. The present disclosure also provides a process for the preparation of the composition. The present disclosure also provides an apparatus (100) and process (200) for fluid catalytic cracking to obtain light olefins. The apparatus comprises a second riser (33) that includes a lower dense riser (2) and upper dilute riser (3). Further, the lower dense riser (2) has a diameter that is 1.1 to 2 times that of the upper dilute riser (3).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process by which the heavy hydrocarbons are subjected to hydroprocessing for producing distillates which can be further treated or converted downstream, to fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present subject matter describes a method for preparation of a lubricant dispersed with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a lubricant dispersed with the CNTs prepared thereof. The method comprises ball milling the CNTs and purifying the ball milled CNTs to remove impurities in the CNTs. The method also comprises oxidizing surfaces of the purified CNTs by adding the purified CNTs to a solution comprising at least one oxidizing acid and then refluxing the solution. The oxidized surfaces of the CNTs are modified by adding the CNTs to a solution comprising at least one fatty acid to obtain surface modified CNTs. The method also comprises dispersing the surface modified CNTs in a lubricant to obtain the lubricant dispersed with CNTs.

Abstract: The instant disclosure provides a composition for fluid catalytic cracking of petroleum based feedstock into useful short chain olefins. The composition comprising: 76-86% of a non-zeolitic material; and 2-30% of at least one zeolite material, the percentage being based on weight of the catalyst composition, wherein one of the zeolites has been modified with 0.1-2.5 wt % metal. The said catalyst was found to be selective in enhancing the usable propylene gas content, while reducing the undesirable dry gas content of the cracked olefinic products. The present disclosure also provides a process for the preparation of the composition. The present disclosure also provides an apparatus (100) and process (200) for fluid catalytic cracking to obtain light olefins. The apparatus comprises a second riser (33) that includes a lower dense riser (2) and upper dilute riser (3). Further, the lower dense riser (2) has a diameter that is 1.1 to 2 times that of the upper dilute riser (3).

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to a process of producing lighter distillates. The hydrocarbons in the presence of organometallic catalyst are reacted with hydrogen leading to hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking reactions. The metals present in product are subsequently captured the metal capture unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for hydro-processing of hydrocarbons to maximize the yield of light distillates. The process comprises hydrocracking hydrocarbons and separating to respective products based on the boiling points. The heavier vacuum residue is further hydrocracked to light distillates.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to conversion of hydrocarbons. A hydrocarbon feed is hydroprocessed wherein it is hydrocracked in the presence of a catalyst to obtain different hydrocarbon products, which can be suitably processed further to obtain valuable hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) of a hydrocarbon feedstock includes a first reactor (1), a second reactor (2), and a regenerator assembly (3) shared and connected with the two reactors. The regenerator assembly (3) includes a regenerator vessel which has a partition (17) dividing the regenerator vessel into a first subunit (18) and a second subunit (19); a plurality of regenerator inlets for receiving a first spent catalyst and second spent catalyst by the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (19); a plurality of regenerator inlet for receiving a first spent catalyst and a second spent catalyst by the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (10) respectively; an air controller (15) to allow for has flow to an air distributor (16) for supply of the gas to the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (19) to combust coke deposited on the first and the second spent catalyst, separately, to a desired degree to generate a fully and a partially regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: In accordance with the present subject matter there is provided a catalyst composition including 70-98% of a non-zeolitic material; and 2-30% of at least one zeolite material, the percentage being based on weight of the catalyst composition. The subject matter also relates to a method for preparation of the catalyst composition. The subject matter further relates to a process for the fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: A method for preparing a nano suspension lubricant comprises providing substantially spherical nano particles of size ranging from about less than 50 nanometers to about 100 nanometers. The method further comprises mixing the nano particles and a surfactant in about 1:1 ratio in a solvent to form a mixture. The solvent is evaporated from the mixture to obtain surface modified nano particles. The surface modified nano particles include the nano particles coated with the surfactant. The method comprises mixing the surface modified nano particles with a lubricating fluid to form the nano suspension lubricant, where the lubricating fluid comprises about 90% to 99% base oil and about 1% to 10% additives.

Abstract: The present subject matter describes a method for preparation of a lubricant dispersed with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a lubricant dispersed with the CNTs prepared thereof. The method comprises ball milling the CNTs and purifying the ball milled CNTs to remove impurities in the CNTs. The method also comprises oxidizing surfaces of the purified CNTs by adding the purified CNTs to a solution comprising at least one oxidizing acid and then refluxing the solution. The oxidized surfaces of the CNTs are modified by adding the CNTs to a solution comprising at least one fatty acid to obtain surface modified CNTs. The method also comprises dispersing the surface modified CNTs in a lubricant to obtain the lubricant dispersed with CNTs.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) of a hydrocarbon feedstock includes a first reactor (1), a second reactor (2), and a regenerator assembly (3) shared and connected with the two reactors. The regenerator assembly (3) includes a regenerator vessel which has a partition (17) dividing the regenerator vessel into a first subunit (18) and a second subunit (19); a plurality of regenerator inlets for receiving a first spent catalyst and second spent catalyst by the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (19); a plurality of regenerator inlet for receiving a first spent catalyst and a second spent catalyst by the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (10) respectively; an air controller (15) to allow for has flow to an air distributor (16) for supply of the gas to the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (19) to combust coke deposited on the first and the second spent catalyst, separately, to a desired degree to generate a fully and a partially regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: In accordance with the present subject matter there is provided a process for catalytic decomposition of lower hydrocarbons to produce carbon oxides free hydrogen and bamboo shaped carbon nanotubes over a catalyst composition. The process for catalytic decomposition of lower hydrocarbons comprises contacting lower hydrocarbon over a catalyst composition, where the catalyst composition comprising, a catalyst, at least one modifying agent and a support material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for the preparation of isomers of xylene. The process includes method step of contacting an activated alkylation catalyst composite with toluene and methanol in the presence of an inert gas, at a temperature of 300 to 500° C. to obtain isomers of xylene. The alkylation catalyst composite used in accordance with the present disclosure comprises a molecular sieve loaded with at least one metal ion. The metal loaded on the molecular sieve is at least one alkali earth metal selected from the group consisting of barium, strontium, magnesium and calcium.

Abstract: In accordance with the present subject matter there is provided a catalyst composition including 70-98% of a non-zeolitic material; and 2-30% of at least one zeolite material, the percentage being based on weight of the catalyst composition. The subject matter also relates to a method for preparation of the catalyst composition. The subject matter further relates to a process for the fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: The present subject matter provides a process for hydrocarbon residue upgradation. The combination of the hydrocarbon residue along with aromatic rich hydrocarbons, catalysts and surfactants allow the operation of visbreaking unit at higher temperature while producing a stable bottom product.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for the preparation of isomers of xylene. The process includes method step of contacting an activated alkylation catalyst composite with toluene and methanol in the presence of an inert gas, at a temperature of 300 to 500° C. to obtain isomers of xylene. The alkylation catalyst composite used in accordance with the present disclosure comprises a molecular sieve loaded with at least one metal ion. The metal loaded on the molecular sieve is at least one alkali earth metal selected from the group consisting of barium, strontium, magnesium and calcium.

Abstract: The present subject matter provides a process for hydrocarbon residue upgradation. The combination of the hydrocarbon residue along with aromatic rich hydrocarbons, catalysts and surfactants allow the operation of visbreaking unit at higher temperature while producing a stable bottom product.

Abstract: In accordance with the present subject matter there is provided a process for catalytic decomposition of lower hydrocarbons to produce carbon oxides free hydrogen and bamboo shaped carbon nanotubes over a catalyst composition. The process for catalytic decomposition of lower hydrocarbons comprises contacting lower hydrocarbon over a catalyst composition, where the catalyst composition comprising, a catalyst, at least one modifying agent and a support material.

Abstract: The present subject matter describes a catalyst composition based on sodium tantalate, a modifying agent and at least one co-catalyst and the process of preparing the catalyst composition. The process for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 comprises re-acting carbon dioxide and alkaline water in the presence of catalyst composition that is irradiated with radiation with wavelength in the range of 300-700 nm to produce lower hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon oxygenates.