Abstract: Data carriers (such as RFID tags) are formed into clusters of data carriers. Each cluster has at least one bridge data carrier that can communicate with a bridge data carrier of another cluster, thereby allowing data carriers in each cluster to communicate directly or indirectly with each other using a stochastic communication protocol method. Direct tag-to-tag communication capability is provided between data carriers in each cluster and/or between clusters. The data carriers can backscatter and modulate a carrier wave from a source, thereby using the backscattered and modulated carrier wave to convey data to each other.

Abstract: In systems and methods for determining the placement of radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, a tag reader communicates with one or more RFID tags at different locations of a target object. The tag reader determines which of the different locations is a preferable location for placing an RFID tag by detecting the transmission power level or other value required to communicate with the RFID tag at each of the different locations.

Abstract: A wireless encoder for encoding a plurality of wireless communication devices carried by media comprises a shielded enclosure having an exterior surface defining an aperture; a wireless signal generator to excite the shielded enclosure; and a media path along which media carrying a plurality of wireless communication devices travels. The media path passes across the aperture outside the shielded enclosure.

Abstract: Data carriers (such as RFID tags) are formed into clusters of data carriers. Each cluster has at least one bridge data carrier that can communicate with a bridge data carrier of another cluster, thereby allowing data carriers in each cluster to communicate directly or indirectly with each other using a stochastic communication protocol method. Direct tag-to-tag communication capability is provided between data carriers in each cluster and/or between clusters. The data carriers can backscatter and modulate a carrier wave from a source, thereby using the backscattered and modulated carrier wave to convey data to each other.

Abstract: Data carriers (such as RFID tags) are formed into clusters of data carriers. Each cluster has at least one bridge data carrier that can communicate with a bridge data carrier of another cluster, thereby allowing data carriers in each cluster to communicate directly or indirectly with each other using a stochastic communication protocol method. Direct tag-to-tag communication capability is provided between data carriers in each cluster and/or between clusters. The data carriers can backscatter and modulate a carrier wave from a source, thereby using the backscattered and modulated carrier wave to convey data to each other.

Abstract: Spatial antenna diversity is used with RFID tags to reduce sensitivity to multi-path fading. RFID tags can use a single multi-port chip or multiple multi-port chips. The ports of the chip or chips are coupled to separated feedpoints on one or more antennas.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification system comprises a radio-frequency identification substrate and an interrogator. In one embodiment, the radio-frequency identification substrate comprises a plurality of radio-frequency identification devices. In one embodiment, a controller on the substrate controls a first one of the plurality of radio-frequency identification devices based on a state of a second one of the plurality of radio-frequency identification devices. In one embodiment, an antenna system includes an S-shaped portion electrically coupled to an integrated circuit along a central portion of the S-shaped portion. Adjusting the parameters of the segments making up the S-shaped portion controls performance characteristics of a radio-frequency identification device.

Abstract: This disclosure discloses methods and apparatus for detecting and characterizing radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags.

Abstract: A multi-band and/or multi-protocol, configurable, RFID tag is provided. The tag can include one or more electrical or mechanical selectors for selecting from among multiple frequency bands and communication protocols. In some embodiments, a signal band and protocol can be detected automatically and selection among bands and protocols can be performed automatically. In some embodiments, one or more externally accessibly switches can be actuated by a user to select a band and/or protocol.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification system comprises a radio-frequency identification substrate and an interrogator. In one embodiment, the radio-frequency identification substrate comprises a plurality of radio-frequency identification devices. In one embodiment, a controller on the substrate controls a first one of the plurality of radio-frequency identification devices based on a state of a second one of the plurality of radio-frequency identification devices. In one embodiment, an antenna system includes an S-shaped portion electrically coupled to an integrated circuit along a central portion of the S-shaped portion. Adjusting the parameters of the segments making up the S-shaped portion controls performance characteristics of a radio-frequency identification device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices wirelessly communicate in a near-field region and a far-field region. A device may include a near-field antenna and a far-field antenna. The device may be configured to selectively operate in a near-field mode, employing the near-field antenna, and/or in a far-field mode, employing the far-field antenna, and/or in a joint mode, employing both the near-field antenna and the far-field antenna separately or concurrently. One type of device may be a wireless communications data-reader device configured for both near-field and far-field communications. Another type of device may be a wireless communications data-provider device configured for both near-field and far-field communications.

Abstract: A media marking transponder system includes a media fastener and a wireless transponder circuit coupled to the media fastener. The antenna for the wireless transponder circuit has a first effective length when no piece of media is fastened to the media fastener and a second, different effective length when at least one piece of media is fastened to the media fastener.

Abstract: A wireless transponder system includes at least one antenna configured to send transponder signals. The wireless transponder system also includes a wireless transponder circuit coupled to the at least one antenna, the wireless transponder circuit having a first state for sending transponder signals of a first polarization type and a second state for sending transponder signals of a second polarization type different than the first polarization type, and the wireless transponder circuit configured to encode information in a sequence of the transponder signals of the first polarization type alternating with the transponder signals of the second polarization type.

Abstract: A circularly polarized antenna includes a generally helical wire defining a generally cylindrical passage having a first end and a second end. A first ground plane is proximate the first end of the generally cylindrical passage and has a width substantially equal to a diameter of the generally cylindrical passage. A cable extends through the generally cylindrical passage and is electrically coupled to the first ground plane and to the generally helical wire proximate the first end.

Abstract: A wireless encoder for encoding a plurality of wireless communication devices carried by media comprises a shielded enclosure having an exterior surface defining an aperture; a wireless signal generator to excite the shielded enclosure; and a media path along which media carrying a plurality of wireless communication devices travels. The media path passes across the aperture outside the shielded enclosure.

Abstract: This disclosure discloses methods and apparatus for detecting and characterizing radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags.

Abstract: In systems and methods for determining the placement of radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, a tag reader communicates with one or more RFID tags at different locations of a target object. The tag reader determines which of the different locations is a preferable location for placing an RFID tag by detecting the transmission power level or other value required to communicate with the RFID tag at each of the different locations.

Abstract: Spatial antenna diversity is used with RFID tags to reduce sensitivity to multi-path fading. RFID tags can use a single multi-port chip or multiple multi-port chips. The ports of the chip or chips are coupled to separated feedpoints on one or more antennas.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices wirelessly communicate in a near-field region and a far-field region. A device may include a near-field antenna and a far-field antenna. The device may be configured to selectively operate in a near-field mode, employing the near-field antenna, and/or in a far-field mode, employing the far-field antenna, and/or in a joint mode, employing both the near-field antenna and the far-field antenna separately or concurrently. One type of device may be a wireless communications data-reader device configured for both near-field and far-field communications. Another type of device may be a wireless communications data-provider device configured for both near-field and far-field communications.

Abstract: A media marking transponder system includes a media fastener and a wireless transponder circuit coupled to the media fastener. The antenna for the wireless transponder circuit has a first effective length when no piece of media is fastened to the media fastener and a second, different effective length when at least one piece of media is fastened to the media fastener.