Abstract: Methods for introgressing an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait into Zea mays germplasm are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include providing a Zea mays plant that contains an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait, wherein the locus associated with the yield trait is identifiable by PCR amplification of a Zea mays nucleic acid with a pair of oligonucleotides primers as disclosed herein, and introgressing the allele of interest into Zea mays germplasm that lacks the allele. Also provided are methods for identifying Zea mays plants that contain at least one allele associated with improved yield, improved maize plants, elite Zea mays plants, biomass produced from improved Zea mays plants, isolated and purified genetic markers, and compositions that include an amplification primer pair capable of amplifying a Zea mays nucleic acid to generate a Zea mays marker amplicon.

Abstract: Methods for introgressing an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait into Zea mays germplasm are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include providing a Zea mays plant that contains an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait, wherein the locus associated with the yield trait is identifiable by PCR amplification of a Zea mays nucleic acid with a pair of oligonucleotides primers as disclosed herein, and introgressing the allele of interest into Zea mays germplasm that lacks the allele. Also provided are methods for identifying Zea mays plants that contain at least one allele associated with improved yield, improved maize plants, elite Zea mays plants, biomass produced from improved Zea mays plants, isolated and purified genetic markers, and compositions that include an amplification primer pair capable of amplifying a Zea mays nucleic acid to generate a Zea mays marker amplicon.

Abstract: Methods for predicting unobserved phenotypes are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include (a) determining marker effects for a plurality of markers in a genotyped and phenotyped reference population with respect to a phenotype, wherein the reference population includes an F2 generation, an F3 generation, or a subsequent generation; (b) genotyping one or more plants of a predicted population with respect to the plurality of markers, wherein each of the one or more plants of the predicted population is a descendant of two parents and each parent has at least 80% genetic identity to at least one of the two parental plants employed to generate the reference population; (c) summing the marker effects determined in step (a) for each of the one or more plants of the predicted population based on the genotyping of step (b); and (d) predicting a phenotype of the one or more plants of the predicted population based on the sum of the marker effects from step (c).

Abstract: Methods for method for increasing genetic gain in a breeding process are provided. Also provided are methods for choosing breeding pairs predicted to produce progeny having desired phenotypes, methods for increasing the likelihood of producing progeny individual having desired phenotypes, methods for generating progeny individual having desired genotypes and/or phenotypes, progeny produced thereby, and cells, seeds, parts, and tissues cultures thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for evaluating associations between candidate genes and a trait of interest in a population. The methods include a combination of genome-wide association analysis and one or more of nested association mapping (NAM), expression QTL analysis (eQTL), and allele epistastic analysis (AEA). Markers are selected or prioritized if they are shown to be positively-correlated with a trait of interest using GWA and a combination of one or both of NAM and eQTL. Also provided are models for evaluating the association between a candidate marker and a trait in a nested population of organisms. These methods include single marker regression and multiple marker regression models. Markers identified using the methods of the invention can be used in marker assisted breeding and selection, as genetic markers for constructing linkage maps, for gene discovery, for identifying genes contributing to a trait of interest, and for generating transgenic organisms having a desired trait.

Abstract: Methods for predicting unobserved phenotypes are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include (a) determining marker effects for a plurality of markers in a genotyped and phenotyped reference population with respect to a phenotype, wherein the reference population includes an F2 generation, an F3 generation, or a subsequent generation; (b) genotyping one or more plants of a predicted population with respect to the plurality of markers, wherein each of the one or more plants of the predicted population is a descendant of two parents and each parent has at least 80% genetic identity to at least one of the two parental plants employed to generate the reference population; (c) summing the marker effects determined in step (a) for each of the one or more plants of the predicted population based on the genotyping of step (b); and (d) predicting a phenotype of the one or more plants of the predicted population based on the sum of the marker effects from step (c).

Abstract: A cost-effective, industrially feasible process for the manufacture of crystalline Carvedilol Form-II using novel Carvedilol salts comprises the steps of reacting 4-(2,3-epoxy propoxy)carbazole (II) with 2-(2-methoxy phenoxy)ethyl amine (III) followed by acidification with mineral acid in presence of an organic solvent to yield acid addition salts, treatment of the said salts with base(s) in presence of organic solvent(s), water and isolation from the organic solvent(s) followed by crystallization from ethyl acetate.

Abstract: Methods for introgressing an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait into Zea mays germplasm are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include providing a Zea mays plant that contains an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait, wherein the locus associated with the yield trait is identifiable by PCR amplification of a Zea mays nucleic acid with a pair of oligonucleotides primers as disclosed herein, and introgressing the allele of interest into Zea mays germplasm that lacks the allele. Also provided are methods for identifying Zea mays plants that contain at least one allele associated with improved yield, improved maize plants, elite Zea mays plants, biomass produced from improved Zea mays plants, isolated and purified genetic markers, and compositions that include an amplification primer pair capable of amplifying a Zea mays nucleic acid to generate a Zea mays marker amplicon.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to methods and compositions for identifying, selecting, and/or producing drought tolerant maize plants or germplasm. Maize plants or germplasm that have been identified, selected, and/or produced by any of the methods of the presently disclosed subject matter are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of 1-[[[(IR)-I-[3[(IE)-2-(7chloro-2-quino-linyl)ethenyl]phenyl]-3-[2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phenyl]propyl]thio]methyl]cyclopropaneacetic acid and its salts using Methyl 2-[(3S)-[3-[(2E)-(7-chloro quinolin-2-yl)ethenyl]phenyl]-3-halopropyl]benzoate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the alkyl amine salts of Montelukast and methods for their preparation and conversion of Montelukast amine salts to Montelukast or Montelukast alkali/alkaline salt.

Abstract: Methods for introgressing an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait into Zea mays germplasm are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include providing a Zea mays plant that contains an allele of interest of a locus associated with a yield trait, wherein the locus associated with the yield trait is identifiable by PCR amplification of a Zea mays nucleic acid with a pair of oligonucleotides primers as disclosed herein, and introgressing the allele of interest into Zea mays germplasm that lacks the allele. Also provided are methods for identifying Zea mays plants that contain at least one allele associated with improved yield, improved maize plants, elite Zea mays plants, biomass produced from improved Zea mays plants, isolated and purified genetic markers, and compositions that include an amplification primer pair capable of amplifying a Zea mays nucleic acid to generate a Zea mays marker amplicon.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for mapping quantitative trait loci in a connected population of organisms. The invention includes evaluating associations between markers and a trait of interest using network population mapping (NPM). The methods include assembling a network of individual members for association mapping, wherein the members are connected at the allelic level. Members of the network are grouped according to a shared haplotype at one or more marker loci, and the network can be used to identify or validate QTL within the chromosomal region surrounding or flanked by the marker loci. The methods further include a means for estimating and ranking the effects of multiple alleles across the mapping population. Further provided is a novel simple interval mapping model as well as a novel composite interval mapping model for evaluating allele-specific associations across a connected mapping population.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for evaluating associations between candidate genes and a trait of interest in a population. The methods include a combination of genome-wide association analysis and one or more of nested association mapping (NAM), expression QTL analysis (eQTL), and allele epistastic analysis (AEA). Markers are selected or prioritized if they are shown to be positively-correlated with a trait of interest using GWA and a combination of one or both of NAM and eQTL. Also provided are models for evaluating the association between a candidate marker and a trait in a nested population of organisms. These methods include single marker regression and multiple marker regression models. Markers identified using the methods of the invention can be used in marker assisted breeding and selection, as genetic markers for constructing linkage maps, for gene discovery, for identifying genes contributing to a trait of interest, and for generating transgenic organisms having a desired trait.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for evaluating associations between candidate markers and a trait of interest in a plant population. In various embodiments, the plant population is a breeding population, particularly early stage breeding populations. The methods include obtaining a genotypic value for candidate markers and correlating the marker with the trait. Various association models can be used to evaluate the association, and include statistical methods relevant to the structure of plant breeding populations. Population structure may be accounted for in the association models by using Principle Component Analysis. Further provided is a novel statistical approach for association mapping in early stage breeding materials using a transmission disequilibrium based methodology.

Abstract: A cost-effective, industrially feasible process for the manufacture of crystalline Carvedilol Form-II using novel Carvedilol salts comprises the steps of reacting 4-(2,3-epoxy propoxy)carbazole (II) with 2-(2-methoxy phenoxy)ethyl amine (III) followed by acidification with mineral acid in presence of an organic solvent to yield acid addition salts, treatment of the said salts with base(s) in presence of organic solvent(s), water and isolation from the organic solvent(s) followed by crystallization from ethyl acetate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of 1-[[[(1R)-1-[3[(1E)-2-(7chloro-2-quinolinyl) ethenyl] phenyl]-3-[2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl) phenyl] propyl] thio] methyl] cyclopropaneacetic acid (Formula-1) and its salts using Methyl 2-[(3S)-[3-[(2E)-(7-chloro quinolin-2-yl) ethenyl] phenyl]-3-halopropyl] benzoate (Formula-2)

Abstract: The present invention provides a cost-effective, industrially feasible process for the manufacture of crystalline Carvedilol Form-II using novel Carvedilol salts comprising a step of reacting 4-(2,3-epoxy propoxy)carbazole (II) with 2-(2-methoxy phenoxy)ethyl amine (III) followed by acidification with mineral acid in presence of an organic solvent to yield acid addition salts, treatment of the said salts with base(s) in presence of organic solvent(s), water and isolation from the organic solvent(s) followed by crystallization from ethyl acetate.