Abstract: Notifying a user that an email message sent to the user was not received by the user. Users can register to receive notifications. When a sender sends an email message to a recipient, a separate notification also may be sent to a notification service that populates and controls access to an email notification list. Each notification in the list may comprise a hash of the content of the email message that it represents. A recipient module may be configured to check the notification list periodically and/or in response to a recipient's instructions, and compare notifications to the email messages received for the recipient to determine whether any email messages intended for the recipient were not received. If it is determined from the notifications that an email message was not received, a notice may be sent to the sender, which my include a request that the sender re-send the email message.

Abstract: Application service requests received by an application hosting framework are automatically differentiated and categorized, and resource usage patterns associated with the requests are predicted. Resource usage data points are successively extracted from the hosting framework. Elements of an initial resource usage pattern matrix are computed from the data points. An estimate for the number of categories of requests is computed from the initial resource usage pattern matrix, where the requests in each category have similar resource usage patterns. Elements of a resource usage signature matrix and request categorization matrix are computed from the estimate for the number of categories of requests and the initial resource usage pattern matrix.

Abstract: A client-based collaborative approach called WebProfiler is used for diagnosing Web transaction failures. The WebProfiler leverages end-host cooperation to pool together observations on the success or failure of Web transactions from multiple vantage points. These observations are utilized by a collaborative blame attribution algorithm to identify a suspect network entity that caused the Web transaction failure.

Abstract: One or more mobile devices and a cloud server computing device are utilized to provide Internet access to one or more client computing devices. One of the clients is designated as a Wi-Fi access point. The Wi-Fi access point implements a reverse-infrastructure Wi-Fi mode which tethers available mobile devices and other clients to the access point. The cloud server periodically computes an optimal number of the mobile devices to be used for data striping, and transmits a webpage to a requesting client by striping data associated with the webpage across the optimal number of the mobile devices.

Abstract: A method scheduling outgoing communication in a mobile device is provided. The method includes receiving a signal quality profile for an area in which the device is located. The method further includes receiving a signal from a user application stored on the device that requests the mobile device to make the outgoing communication. Additionally, the method includes determining a current location, a speed, a direction, and a signal quality associated with the device and determining whether the signal quality is above a certain threshold. If not, the method includes predicting a future time at which the signal quality will be above the threshold based at least on the current location, the speed, the direction, the signal quality, and the signal quality profile. Finally, the method includes scheduling the outgoing communication from the mobile device at the future time.

Abstract: A method for managing data communication of a mobile device in a mobile network is provided. The method may include receiving a request, at a cloud proxy, to retrieve Internet data from the Internet. The request may originate from an application, and the Internet data may have a plurality unique objects. The method may also include aggregating the Internet data and two or more of the unique objects from the Internet. Furthermore, the method may include forwarding the Internet data and the two or more unique objects to the mobile device in one transmission.

Abstract: The simultaneous localization and RF modeling technique pertains to a method of providing simultaneous localization and radio frequency (RF) modeling. In one embodiment, the technique operates in a space with wireless local area network coverage (or other RF transmitters). Users carrying Wi-Fi-enabled devices traverse this space while the mobile devices record the Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements corresponding to access points (APs) in view at various unknown locations and report these RSS measurements, as well as nay other available location fix to a localization server. A RF modeling algorithm runs on the server and is used to estimate the location of the APs using the recorded RSSI measurements and any other available location information. All of the observations are constrained by the physics of wireless propagation. The technique models these constraints and uses a genetic algorithm to solve them, thereby providing an absolute location of the mobile device.

Abstract: The simultaneous localization and RF modeling technique pertains to a method of providing simultaneous localization and radio frequency (RF) modeling. In one embodiment, the technique operates in a space with wireless local area network coverage (or other RF transmitters). Users carrying Wi-Fi-enabled devices traverse this space while the mobile devices record the Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements corresponding to access points (APs) in view at various unknown locations and report these RSS measurements, as well as nay other available location fix to a localization server. A RF modeling algorithm runs on the server and is used to estimate the location of the APs using the recorded RSSI measurements and any other available location information. All of the observations are constrained by the physics of wireless propagation. The technique models these constraints and uses a genetic algorithm to solve them, thereby providing an absolute location of the mobile device.

Abstract: A local network coding framework and method including techniques to improve efficiency in a wireless network by reducing overhead. The local network coding method includes exchanging data availability between nodes on the wireless network by sending Bloom filters of lists of packets to neighboring nodes. Based on data availability, optimized mixing of pure packets is performed to form mixture packets for output. A separate acknowledgement buffer keeps track of the pure packets transmitted but not acknowledged. If an acknowledgement does not arrive after a certain time period, the packet is assumed to be lost and is retransmitted. An optimized packet mixing process generates mixture packets and decides which nodes to send the mixture packets. The local network coding framework and method also includes methods for representing the composition of a mixture packet and using mixing at a wireless access point to improve the performance of the wireless local area network.

Abstract: Energy saving virtualization technique embodiments are presented that save energy by virtualizing a network-connected client computer's computing session (or a part thereof) as a virtual machine (VM) and then migrating it between the client computer and a VM server, depending on whether the computing session is active or idle. The client computer VM is migrated to the VM server when the client computer is deemed to be idle, and the VM is migrated back when the client computer is deemed to have re-entered an active condition. When the VM has been migrated away from the client computer and is residing on the VM server, the client computer is put into a sleep mode, thereby saving energy. However, the user's computing session remains alive on the VM server so that ongoing network connections and other activity are not disturbed.

Abstract: A computer in a network runs a verification procedure in which it sends data packets to another computer in the network. Some or all of the data packets contain, either individually or collectively, a secret piece of information, such as a secret code. The computer then makes a determination regarding the network links between it and the other computer. If, for example, the other computer is able to respond by providing the secret piece of information back, then the computer sending the data packets concludes that the devices along the network links en route to the other computer are properly forwarding data packets.

Abstract: Described is transparently compressing content for network transmission, including end-to-end compression. An end host or middlebox device sender sends compressed packets to an end host or middlebox device receiver, which decompresses the packets to recover the original packet. The sender constructs compressed packets including references to information maintained at the receiver, which the receiver uses to access the information to recreate actual original packet content. The receiver may include a dictionary corresponding to the sender, e.g., synchronized with the sender's dictionary. Alternatively, in speculative compression, the sender does not maintain a dictionary, and instead sends a fingerprint (hash value) by which the receiver looks up corresponding content in its dictionary; if not found, the receiver requests actual content.

Abstract: Communication software to aid portable computers monitor, and correct problems accessing a network through a wireless access point. The software controls the exchange of information with other portable computers in the vicinity of the wireless access point. The information exchanged may be used to diagnose problems at the wireless layer, the network layer, the transport layer or the application layer. The information exchanged may provide information about the configuration of computers that successfully or unsuccessfully communicate through the wireless access point. A portable computer receiving this configuration information may compare it to similar information about its own configuration to diagnose problems. Such software may be of particular benefit for portable computers experiencing difficulty connecting to a network at a wireless hot spot.

Abstract: Disclosed is a general model and method for computing performance bounds in multi-hop wireless networks. Rather than focusing on computing asymptotic performance bounds under assumptions of homogeneity or randomness in the network topology and/or workload, the present invention accommodates any given network, technology, interference model, routing paradigm, and workload. Using a conflict graph to formally characterize the impact of wireless interference on the performance of multi-hop wireless networks, methods for computing upper and lower bounds on the capacity of a given wireless network are detailed. Besides computing network capacity, the model and method disclosed can also enable or benefit other applications including maximizing fairness and minimizing maximum link utilization.

Abstract: A system and method for distributing streaming content data from a server to multiple clients enables the server to handle transient surges of requests by having the clients cooperate with the server and other clients to distribute content, thereby alleviating the load on the server. The server divides the streaming content into multiple sub-streams (e.g., by using multiple description coding), and constructs multiple distribution trees with itself at the root and each client as a node in each of the trees. Each sub-stream is transmitted down a corresponding one of the distribution trees. Clients that receive sub-streams from its parent nodes in the distribution trees in turn forward the sub-streams to their child nodes in the trees.

Abstract: Embodiments of the claimed subject matter provide an approach to managing the power state of wireless network devices in a wireless network. Embodiments include a process for modifying the scheduling of data distribution device by referencing the data buffer in an access point for data intended for a wireless network client operating under a power-saving mode, and re-arranging the distribution queue of the access point to be granted priority for a time which coincides with the delivery of a polling beacon to the power-saving wireless client. Other embodiments include a method to create virtual access points for a particular usage, and to leverage access points in a wireless network for particular usages of devices in range.

Abstract: A system and methodologies are disclosed for determining the geographic location of an Internet host. A first method infers host location based on the DNS names of the host of interest or other nearby network nodes. A second method employs network delay measurements from geographically distributed locations to triangulate the coordinates of the host. A third method couples partial host-to-location mapping information obtained from one or more sources with BGP or other routing information in order to infer location of the host of interest.

Abstract: Measurement systems according to embodiments of the invention allow accurate bandwidth estimation even in non-FIFO scheduling and frame-level contention environments. In an embodiment of the invention, the approximate fraction of time that a link is idle is found by probing for idle periods (“gaps”). The fraction of idle time is then multiplied by the capacity to obtain an estimate of the available bandwidth. Gap time is estimated in an embodiment of the invention fraction by gathering samples of one-way delay (OWD) over the link in question. After the OWD is normalized and plotted, the knee in the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of OWD samples is used to identify the fraction of time that the channel is idle.

Abstract: The method collects configuration data about the network, compares it to known good configurations to see if a corrective configuration is available. In addition, the method will review known bad configurations and determine if any of the successful corrective configurations for the bad configuration would be appropriate for the bad configuration under consideration.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for evaluating the effectiveness of data encryption for hiding the identity of the source of Web traffic. A signature is constructed from encrypted Web traffic for a Web page sent by a target Web site, and the signature is compared with archived traffic signatures obtained by accessing various Web pages of interest in advance. If the signature of the detected encrypted Web traffic matches a stored traffic signature beyond a pre-set statistical threshold, a positive match is found, and the source of the traffic is identified. Countermeasures for reducing the reliability of source identification based on traffic signature matching are provided.