Abstract: In some embodiments, a printed circuit board, configured to be coupled to electronic components, includes a first material portion and any number of second material portions. Each second material portion is sized and spaced apart from an adjacent second material portion such that electromagnetic waves associated with the operation of the electronic components are substantially not reflected. The first material portion defines a first dielectric constant and the second material portion defines a second dielectric constant that is different than the value of the first dielectric constant.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first coupler, and a second coupler. The first substrate is formed from a first material and includes an electrical pad. The second substrate is formed from a second material and includes an electrical pad. The first coupler is configured to mechanically couple the first substrate to the second substrate without a soldered connection. The second coupler includes a first end portion, configured to be soldered to the electrical pad of the first substrate, and a second end portion, configured to be soldered to the electrical pad of the second substrate. The second coupler configured to electrically couple the first substrate to the second substrate.

Abstract: A bandwidth management card includes a switch control unit and multiple ports connected to one or more line cards that are separate from the bandwidth management card. The bandwidth management card further includes at least one switch, and multiple network ports, where each of the multiple network ports is connected to a respective link to at least one external network. A first switch of the at least one switch receives instructions from the switch control unit, switches a first subset of the multiple network ports through to a first port of the multiple ports based on the received instructions, and switches a second subset of the multiple network ports through to a second port of the multiple ports based on the received first instructions.

Abstract: A bandwidth management card includes a switch control unit and multiple ports connected to one or more line cards that are separate from the bandwidth management card. The bandwidth management card further includes at least one switch, and multiple network ports, where each of the multiple network ports is connected to a respective link to at least one external network. A first switch of the at least one switch receives instructions from the switch control unit, switches a first subset of the multiple network ports through to a first port of the multiple ports based on the received instructions, and switches a second subset of the multiple network ports through to a second port of the multiple ports based on the received first instructions.