Abstract: A system is disclosed for synchronizing partially-replicated collections using the concept of item-set knowledge and move-out notifications. Move-out notifications are provided to allow removal of changed items from replicas when the change in the item takes that item outside of the interest set of the replicas.

Abstract: A hierarchical system is disclosed for synchronizing partially-replicated collections that provides guaranteed paths of information to all replicas in a collection. Each partial replica is assigned a parent replica to act as a proxy on its behalf, and with which the replica synchronizes regularly. Each parent replica is responsible for one or more child replicas. Parent replicas have filters which are either the same as, or more inclusive than, their child replicas, and parent replicas thus store and synchronize all objects that are of interest to their one or more child replicas.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for synchronizing partially-replicated collections using the concept of item-set knowledge and move-out notifications. Move-out notifications are provided to allow removal of changed items from replicas when the change in the item takes that item outside of the interest set of the replicas.

Abstract: A prediction tree for estimating values of a network performance measure. Leaf nodes of the prediction tree are associated with networked computing devices and interior nodes are not necessarily representative of physical network connections. Values are assigned to edges in the prediction tree and the network performance measure relative to two computing devices represented by two nodes of the tree is estimated by aggregating the values assigned to the edges in the path in the prediction tree joining the two edges. Mechanisms for adding nodes representing computing devices to the prediction tree, for identifying a closest node representing a computing device in the prediction tree, for identifying a cluster of devices represented by nodes of the tree, and for rebalancing the prediction tree are provided.