Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for converting a document in a first format essentially comprising a flat layout structure into a structured document in a hierarchical form in accordance with predetermined attributes identified from the input format. The process comprises fragmenting the input document into a plurality of document content elements in accordance with a predetermined set of document attributes identifiable from the input document format. The content elements are clustered into selective sets having similar document attributes. The clustered sets are validated with reference to common textual properties organizational content common in documents in the collection. The clustered sets are then categorized into predetermined categories comprising structured elements of the structured document format and the document content elements are organized by hierarchical dependency from the predetermined categories wherein the organized document elements comprise the desired structured document format.

Abstract: In a translation apparatus, a translation memory (32) stores (i) source language target language translation unit pairs and (ii) structural information for at least some source language translation units indicating a structural position within a document from which the source language translation unit was derived. A comparator (30) compares a new source language translation unit with source language translation units stored in the translation memory. Each comparison includes (i) a textual comparison and (ii) a structural comparison between an identified structural position within a source language document (10) from which the new source language translation unit was derived and the structural information for the source language translation unit stored in the translation memory.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for converting a document in a first format essentially comprising a flat layout structure into a structured document in a hierarchical form in accordance with predetermined attributes identified from the input format. The process comprises fragmenting the input document into a plurality of document content elements in accordance with a predetermined set of document attributes identifiable from the input document format. The content elements are clustered into selective sets having similar document attributes. The clustered sets are validated with reference to common textual properties organizational content common in documents in the collection. The clustered sets are then categorized into predetermined categories comprising structured elements of the structured document format and the document content elements are organized by hierarchical dependency from the predetermined categories wherein the organized document elements comprise the desired structured document format.

Abstract: In a translation apparatus, a translation memory (32) stores (i) source language target language translation unit pairs and (ii) structural information for at least some source language translation units indicating a structural position within a document from which the source language translation unit was derived. A comparator (30) compares a new source language translation unit with source language translation units stored in the translation memory. Each comparison includes (i) a textual comparison and (ii) a structural comparison between an identified structural position within a source language document (10) from which the new source language translation unit was derived and the structural information for the source language translation unit stored in the translation memory.

Abstract: Text is created with a high-level interactive authoring systems by associating an object-based element, such as a graphic object, with the linguistic resources of a language processing unit, a user may interact with the system by using the object-based element as an interface. In this way, the flexibility in operating interactive authoring systems, especially for limited-skilled persons or language-impaired persons, is significantly enhanced.