Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for predicting the responsiveness of an individual suffering from leukemia to a chemotherapeutic drug. In particular, this method comprises determining the proportion of leukemic cells expressing cytoplasmic PCNA in a biological sample of the individual. The present invention also relates to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for use for the treatment of an individual suffering from leukemia and having a proportion of leukemic cells expressing cytoplasmic PCNA in a biological sample lower than a predetermined threshold. The invention also pertains to a method for diagnosing whether an individual suffers, or is at risk of suffering, from leukemia.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compounds modulating apoptosis of neutrophil cells. In particular, the invention concerns compounds inhibiting an interaction between Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and proteins binding to cytoplasmic PCNA in neutrophil cells, for use in the treatment of a disease involving a neutrophil-dependent inflammatory process. The invention also relates to a method for the identification of a compound for use in the treatment of a neutrophil-dependent inflammatory process. The invention further relates to peptides for use in the treatment of neutropenia.