Abstract: The cephalosporin intermediates, desacetyl 7-glutaryl ACA and desacetyl cephalosporin D, are obtained in the form of a concentrated aqueous solution from an aqueous solution containing said intermediates in less concentrated form by solvent extraction using cyclohexanone followed by back-extraction into water. The concentrated aqueous solution of intermediate is in a form which can be used for economical production of 7-ACA using known procedures.

Abstract: Dihydrofuranone compounds having anticholinergic activity are described. The compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sub.3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, andPh is phenyl.Also described are the lower alkyl quaternary and acid addition salts of the compounds. Pharmaceutical compositions effective as anticholinergics and methods utilizing such compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl 2-aryl-3-azacyclo-2-hydroxypropionates and their quaternary salts and their use as antimuscarinic agents having antisecretory activity selective for the gastrointestinal tract are disclosed. The compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: X=H, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, andR=morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decanyl, 4-(2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl), 4-ketopiperidinyl, 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-substituted piperazinyl (wherein the substituent is lower alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, acetoxyalkyl, or acyl).Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and methods for using such compounds.