Abstract: A carbon polymer composite (CPC) including a polymer and a carbon source material. The polymer may include polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and/or high density polyethylene (HDPE). The carbon source material may include coal and/or other sources of carbon. The carbon source material may be oxidized using a gaseous or liquid oxidizing agent. A CPC including PVC may be used to make a piping product. A CPC including HDPE may be used to make a wood replacement product.

Abstract: A combination of materials that may be formed through an extrusion process. The resulting product has at least two layers. By coextruding multiple layers of at least two types of materials together, the final product may have improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, and other properties as compared to the original materials used. Additionally, by using an additive, filler, or doping material in at least one layer of the final product during the extrusion process, the mechanical, thermal, electrical, or other properties of the final product may be further improved.

Abstract: A combination of materials that may be formed through an extrusion process. The resulting product has at least two layers. By coextruding multiple layers of at least two types of materials together, the final product may have improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, and other properties as compared to the original materials used. Additionally, by using an additive, filler, or doping material in at least one layer of the final product during the extrusion process, the mechanical, thermal, electrical, or other properties of the final product may be further improved.

Abstract: A combination of materials that may be formed through an extrusion process. The resulting product has at least two layers. By coextruding multiple layers of at least two types of materials together, the final product may have improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, and other properties as compared to the original materials used. Additionally, by using an additive, filler, or doping material in at least one layer of the final product during the extrusion process, the mechanical, thermal, electrical, or other properties of the final product may be further improved.

Abstract: A combination of materials that may be formed through an extrusion process. The resulting product has at least two layers. By coextruding multiple layers of at least two types of materials together, the final product may have improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, and other properties as compared to the original materials used. Additionally, by using an additive, filler, or doping material in at least one layer of the final product during the extrusion process, the mechanical, thermal, electrical, or other properties of the final product may be further improved.

Abstract: Multilayer pipe comprising at least a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer is comprised a first polymer have a first thermal stability, and the second layer is comprised of a second polymer having a second thermal stability that is improved relative to said first thermal stability. In one exemplary embodiment, the first layer is comprised of PVC or CPVC, and the second layer is comprised of polycarbonate.

Abstract: A sizer for cooling an extrudate includes a core and a housing. The core includes an extrusion channel which accommodates the extrudate, a core cooling channel, and a core vacuum channel in fluid communication with said extrusion channel. The housing includes a housing cooling channel, a housing vacuum channel, a cooling intake, and a cooling exhaust. The housing cooling and vacuum channels having curved segments. The cooling intake and exhaust being in fluid communication with said housing cooling channel.

Abstract: A combination of materials that may be formed through an extrusion process. The resulting product has at least two layers. By coextruding multiple layers of at least two types of materials together, the final product may have improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, and other properties as compared to the original materials used. Additionally, by using an additive, filler, or doping material in at least one layer of the final product during the extrusion process, the mechanical, thermal, electrical, or other properties of the final product may be further improved.

Abstract: A component adapted to form a portion of a frame (e.g., a sill), door, trim piece, or the like. The component having a body comprised of at least one interior hollow portion that forms an opening at a first end of body, wherein the at least one interior hollow portion has a closed end such that water is prevented from traveling from a second end through the at least one interior hollow portion to the first end. A related method of manufacturing the component such as by injection molding, 3D printing, or multi-step extrusion is also provided.

Abstract: A sizer for cooling an extrudate includes a core and a housing. The core includes an extrusion channel which accommodates the extrudate, a core cooling channel, and a core vacuum channel in fluid communication with said extrusion channel. The housing includes a housing cooling channel, a housing vacuum channel, a cooling intake, and a cooling exhaust. The housing cooling and vacuum channels having curved segments. The cooling intake and exhaust being in fluid communication with said housing cooling channel.