Abstract: A frangible projectile includes a sintered mass of a plurality of copper or copper alloy plated iron or iron alloy core particles.

Abstract: A frangible projectile includes a sintered mass of a plurality of copper or copper alloy plated iron or iron alloy core particles.

Abstract: The method of forming hard facing on an engine valve comprising providing an engine valve, providing an austenitic iron-based alloy, the austenitic iron-based alloy including, by weight, about 0.25% to about 0.9% carbon, about 1.5% to about 3.5% boron, about 1% to about 2% silicon, at least 20% chromium, an amount of manganese effective to provide the iron-based alloy with an austenitic structure, and the balance including iron and incidental impurities, and welding the austenitic iron-based alloy to at least a portion of the engine valve.

Abstract: An austenitic iron-based alloy includes, by weight, about 0.25% to about 0.9% carbon, about 1.5% to about 3.5% boron, about 1% to about 2% silicon, at least about 20% chromium, an amount of manganese effective to provide the iron-based alloy with an austenitic structure, and the balance including iron and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A first part of an engine valve (10) is centered on an axis (A) and comprises a hollow metal member (100) having an outwardly flared first end portion (102) and a second end portion (104). The hollow metal member (100) has a chamber (106) extending axially throughout the member. The chamber (106) is open at the first end portion (102). A second part of the engine valve (10) is centered on the axis (A) and comprises a metal piece (130) coaxial with the hollow metal member (100). The metal piece (130) has first and second ends (132 and 134). The first end (132) has a first weld connection to the second end portion (104) of the hollow metal member (100). The metal piece (130) has a solid cross-section portion between the first and second ends (132 and 134). The metal piece (130) has a circumferential groove (150) in the solid cross-section portion.

Abstract: A poppet valve (10) has a disk-shaped head (12), an elongated stem (16), and a tapered neck (24) between the head (12) and the stem (16). The neck (24) has an outer surface (32) with an undulating circumferential contour. The undulating circumferential contour improves component strength and heat transfer efficiency, and may also influence valve rotation and inlet charge swirl.