Abstract: A satellite communication system that combines the benefits of Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) and Non-geostationary (NGSO) satellite systems into a GEO-NGSO hybrid satellite system. The hybrid system allows for various uses, such as, a NGSO-GEO-NGSO handoff, a GEO-NGSO-GEO handoff, and/or a multi-transport operation utilizing both the GEO and NGSO satellites. Based on the path delay differences of the GEO and NGSO satellites, the system may create a data buffer to ensure no data loss.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: A system and method for tracking non-geo synchronous orbit satellites on orbiting planes of regular motion patterns. The method includes providing a first satellites moving in a direction descending in latitude in first orbital planes and a second satellites moving in a direction ascending in latitude in second orbital planes; steering an antenna to an antenna tilt ? from normal with a single axis mechanism lined up with a first axis; scanning, electronically, with a linear array at a scan angle ? along a second axis; and locking to a signal from a handed-from satellite from the first satellites, where the first axis is angled from the second axis, the steering along the first axis and the scanning along the second axis jointly track the handed-from satellite, the first orbits seem parallel, the second orbits seem parallel, and the first orbits seem aligned with the antenna tilt ?. A handoff between the first satellites may use one of the second satellites as a steppingstone.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: Communication terminals, systems and methods are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a method for improving communication throughput when experiencing periodic blockages includes reading a plurality of data elements into an interleaver in one of a quasi-reverse order and a consecutive order, reading the plurality of data elements out of the interleaver in the other of the quasi-reverse order and the consecutive order, and. transmitting the plurality of data elements via a communication channel that experiences periodic blockages.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: Communication terminals, systems and methods are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a method for improving communication throughput when experiencing periodic blockages includes reading a plurality of data elements into an interleaver in one of a quasi-reverse order and a consecutive order, reading the plurality of data elements out of the interleaver in the other of the quasi-reverse order and the consecutive order, and transmitting the plurality of data elements via a communication channel that experiences periodic blockages.

Abstract: Communication terminals, systems and methods are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a method for improving communication throughput when experiencing periodic blockages includes generating at least one outer code block including a plurality of sync data elements, writing the sync data elements from the at least one outer code block to a same column of at least one interleaver including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and writing additional data elements from the outer code block to other columns of the at least one interleaver.

Abstract: A satellite communication system that combines the benefits of Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) and Non-geostationary (NGSO) satellite systems into a GEO-NGSO hybrid satellite system. The hybrid system allows for various uses, such as, a NGSO-GEO-NGSO handoff, a GEO-NGSO-GEO handoff, and/or a multi-transport operation utilizing both the GEO and NGSO satellites. Based on the path delay differences of the GEO and NGSO satellites, the system may create a data buffer to ensure no data loss.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for determining a set of communication parameters for receiving data transmissions. In some implementations, a method includes receiving a first data transmission sent according to a first communication parameter scheme that includes at least one of a first modulation or a first coding. A second data transmission is received. A second communication parameter scheme of the second transmission is determined.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: A hybrid scanning antenna including: a reflector having a focal line; a first mechanical movement to move the reflector about a first axis; a second mechanical movement to move the reflector about a second axis; a linear array fixedly disposed along the focal line to electronically scan at a scan angle about a third axis; and a controller to control the first mechanical movement, the second mechanical movement and the scan angle of the linear array to orient the hybrid scanning antenna to a look angle of a remote transceiver.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: A system and method for tracking non-geo synchronous orbit satellites on orbiting planes of regular motion patterns. The method includes providing a first satellites moving in a direction descending in latitude in first orbital planes and a second satellites moving in a direction ascending in latitude in second orbital planes; steering an antenna to an antenna tilt ? from normal with a single axis mechanism lined up with a first axis; scanning, electronically, with a linear array at a scan angle ? along a second axis; and locking to a signal from a handed-from satellite from the first satellites, where the first axis is angled from the second axis, the steering along the first axis and the scanning along the second axis jointly track the handed-from satellite, the first orbits seem parallel, the second orbits seem parallel, and the first orbits seem aligned with the antenna tilt ?. A handoff between the first satellites may use one of the second satellites as a steppingstone.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for improving communication throughput despite periodic blockages. In some implementations, a method includes receiving, by a receiver and from a transmitter, code blocks transmitted according to a first set of communication parameters that includes one or more first interleaver parameters used to interleave information in the code blocks prior to transmission. Corrupted portions of at least some of the received code blocks are identified. A blockage duration and a blockage interval of a blockage of communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver are determined based on the corrupted portions of the received code blocks. A second set of communication parameters that includes one or more second interleaver parameters are determined based on the blockage duration and blockage interval.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for determining a set of communication parameters for receiving data transmissions. In some implementations, a method includes receiving a first data transmission sent according to a first communication parameter scheme that includes at least one of a first modulation or a first coding. A second data transmission is received. A second communication parameter scheme of the second transmission is determined.

Abstract: A communications terminal comprises an encoder configured to encode a digital data signal to generate an encoded signal, a scrambler configured to scramble the encoded signal based on a scrambling signature, and a modulator configured to modulate resulting data frames for transmission via a random access communications channel. Each frame comprises a data payload, including a block of the scrambled signal, and a header, including a start of frame (SOF) sequence associated with the scrambling signature. Use of the SOF sequence for each frame provides a synchronization reference and serves to designate the associated scrambling signature for decoding the respective data payload. Use of the SOF sequence for each frame further serves to distinguish between the data frame and data frame(s) originating from further communications terminal(s), transmitted via a common time slot of the channel, for which different scrambling signature(s) were used to scramble respective encoded signal(s) thereof.

Abstract: A communications terminal receives a data communications signal via a random access channel. A processor searches for data bursts in a first time-slot that include one of a first set of signature sequences assigned to the first time-slot. When a data burst A in the first time-slot includes one of the first set of signature sequences, the data burst A in the first time-slot is an initial burst of a message from a first communications terminal. The processor determines whether a second time-slot includes a data burst B that includes the one signature sequence. When the second time-slot includes the data burst B, the message is a multi-burst message and that the data burst B is a second burst of the multi-burst message. When the second time-slot does not include the data burst B the message is a single-burst message that has been completed via the first time-slot.

Abstract: A communications terminal comprises an encoder configured to encode a digital data signal to generate an encoded signal, a scrambler configured to scramble the encoded signal based on a scrambling signature, and a modulator configured to modulate resulting data frames for transmission via a random access communications channel. Each frame comprises a data payload, including a block of the scrambled signal, and a header, including a start of frame (SOF) sequence associated with the scrambling signature. Use of the SOF sequence for each frame provides a synchronization reference and serves to designate the associated scrambling signature for decoding the respective data payload. Use of the SOF sequence for each frame further serves to distinguish between the data frame and data frame(s) originating from further communications terminal(s), transmitted via a common time slot of the channel, for which different scrambling signature(s) were used to scramble respective encoded signal(s) thereof.