Abstract: Methods and systems for generating a forwarding table for a packet switch. The system includes a route manager for the packet switch, configured to identify a plurality of multi-path groups each corresponding to a respective initial set of routing entries in the forwarding table and generate, for one or more multi-path groups, at least one replacement set of routing entries with fewer routing entries than the initial set corresponding to the respective multi-path group. The route manager selects, based on a traffic reduction cost metric, one or more of the replacement sets of routing entries, each corresponding to a different respective multi-path group, and updates the forwarding table with the selected replacement sets. In some implementations, the traffic reduction cost metric includes a traffic characteristic. In some implementations, the packet switch participates in a software-defined network (SDN) and the route manager is part of an SDN controller.

Abstract: A method of testing network device connectivity in a network by a host computing device includes identifying a topology of the network, where the network includes a plurality of communication paths connecting a plurality of network devices. The method further includes developing a test procedure based on the topology and a plurality of constraints, where a first constraint in the plurality of constraints includes sending a test data stream through each communication path in the plurality of communications paths only once in each direction. The method further includes configuring the plurality of network devices to perform the test procedure, initiating the test procedure, where initiating includes sending the test data stream from the host computing device to a first network device in the plurality of network devices, and monitoring the progress of the test procedure.

Abstract: A method includes receiving samples of audio data and storing the samples of audio data in a buffer. Each of the samples of audio data includes a plurality of bits. The method also includes transmitting each of the plurality of bits, of each of the samples of audio data retrieved from the buffer, across a single-bit bus; and subsequent to transmitting each of the samples, transmitting a selected number of dummy bits across the single-bit bus. The selected number is greater than one. The method further includes analyzing activity of the buffer and, based on the activity of the buffer, dynamically adjusting the selected number. The method also includes acquiring the samples of audio data transmitted across the single-bit bus and ignoring the dummy bits. The method further includes generating analog signals in response to the samples of audio data acquired across the single-bit bus.

Abstract: In a method of implementing a positioning system a buffer is configured to store a buffer record for each of a plurality of position fixes determined by the receiver and a database is configured to store a database record for each of the position fixes. Buffer records are accumulated, with each buffer record corresponding to one of the position fixes determined by the receiver. A first threshold position near an area in which a degradation event occurs is identified and recorded in a first database record. A second threshold position near the area is identified in a second database record. The second threshold position is indicated by one of the position fixes outside of the area and is proximate to a position at which the degradation event ends.

Abstract: A hardware module configured to perform single instructions faster than is possible in software running on the microprocessor. In one implementation, the hardware module is configured to perform a single count instruction, including - counting a number of “ones” contained in a first register; and storing, in a second register, the count of the number of “ones” contained in the first register.

Abstract: An audio system includes an audio client device and an access point. The audio client device includes a buffer, a clock generator, a bus controller, a bus receiver, and a control module. The buffer is configured to receive a stream of samples of audio data. The clock generator is configured to generate a first clock signal. The bus controller is configured to read samples from the buffer for transmission across a bus using the first clock signal. The bus receiver is configured to receive samples from the bus controller and output a sampling clock along with each sample. The control module is configured to analyze activity of the buffer and modify operation of the bus controller to synchronize the sampling clock with a remote sampling clock. The access point includes an audio content module, a decoding module, and a network interface that wirelessly transmits the stream of samples.

Abstract: This invention provides a cutting tool, comprising: a housing; as well as the tool bit holder, which may rotate, fix and may be held in the housing. The tool bit holder has a tool bit holder main body top that lodges with the tool bit main body bottom to hold the removable bit. The bit forms specifically with the knife edge opposite one side which has at least one localization selector. In the tool bit holder, the main body member has a localization member which may move with the localization selector. The localization member: sets the position, and should set in the position so that the localization member coordinates with the localization selector. In the release position, the localization member is separated from the coordination to the release position at the localization selector. The bit disassembles conveniently and allows different positions and good utility.

Abstract: Enhanced memory management schemes are presented to extend the flexibility of using either internal or external packet memory within the same network device. In the proposed schemes, the user can choose either static or dynamic schemes, both or which are capable of using both internal and external memory, depending on the deployment scenario and applications. This gives the user flexible choices when building unified wired and wireless networks that are either low-cost or feature-rich, or a combination of both. A method for buffering packets in a network device, and a network device including processing logic capable of performing the method are presented.

Abstract: A novel flow-through architecture for fragmentation and reassembly of tunnel packets in network devices is presented. The fragmentation and reassembly of tunneled packets are handled in the hardware pipeline to achieve line-rate processing of the traffic flow without the need for additional store and forward operations typically provided by a host processor or a co-processor. In addition, the hardware pipeline may perform fragmentation and reassembly of packets using encrypted tunnels by performing segment-by-segment crypto. A network device implementing fragment reassembly can include an ingress hardware pipeline that reassembles fragmented packets between a media access control (MAC) of the device and an output packet memory of the device, where the incoming fragmented packets can be encrypted and/or tunneled.

Abstract: The invention provides an article comprising, a mesoporous silicate matrix, such as a particle, having one or more pores; and one or more releasable caps obstructing one or more of the pores. The articles are useful as delivery vehicles for encapsulated agents such as therapeutic agents, polynucleotides, polypeptides and the like.

Abstract: Methods for preparing a series of mesoporous silicates, such as room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)-templated mesoporous silicate particles, with various particle morphologies are provided. Methods for preparing silicate particles with antimicrobial agents within the MSN pores is also provided. The particles can be used as controlled-release nanodevices to deliver antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for transesterifying an ester, comprising combining the ester, a C1-C3 alcohol, and a heterogeneous catalyst of formula (I) or formula (II): wherein R?, R? and R?? are each H, (C1-C8)alkyl, (C6-C9)aryl, or (alk)3Si, wherein each alk is (C1-C4)alkyl; L is an organic linking moiety and X is a solid support material, and the salts thereof under conditions wherein the catalyst catalyzes the formation of the (C1-C3) ester of the acid portion of the ester and the corresponding free alcohol of the ester.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to prepare a fatty acid lower alkyl esters from a feedstock, such as a vegetable or an animal oil, comprising one or more fatty acid glycerol esters such as mono-, di- or tri-glycerides, and free fatty acids, comprising combining the feedstock, a lower alcohol and an acidic mesoporous silicate under conditions wherein the mesoporous silicate catalyzes the formation of the corresponding fatty acid lower alkyl ester of the free fatty acids an optionally glycerol.

Abstract: A method of creating background music for slideshow-type presentation. The method includes the steps of displaying in a slide arrangement area a plurality of slide representations, each of which indicates a slide in the slideshow, associating a selected slide with an audio file for both to initialize simultaneously during the slideshow, displaying in a audio arrangement area separated from the slide arrangement area an audio representation indicating the audio file, aligned with the slide representation indicating the selected slide.

Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses includes an eyeglass frame and a lens unit mounted detachably on the eyeglass frame. The eyeglass frame includes a curved front frame with two downwardly projecting end portions, and two bows. The curved front frame has an engagement groove formed therein, and a retained portion disposed at the middle section of the curved front frame. The engagement groove has two end portions respectively extending into the front surfaces of the downwardly projecting end portions of the curved front frame. The lens unit includes two lenses and a plastic lens rim mounted securely on the lenses. The lens rim has a rib projecting upward from the upper end portion thereof so as to engage the engagement groove. The rib has two lugs projecting respectively and outwardly from two ends thereof and being inserted into the end portions of the engagement groove. A hook is fixed on the lens rim and has a retaining space formed therein so as to retain the retained portion of the curved front frame.