Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to characterize a sample by capturing an image of the sample; selecting a region for analysis; dividing each region into one or more sub-lines; and characterizing the sample based on the sub-line analysis.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to characterize a sample by capturing a plurality of perspective images of the sample; dividing the perspective images into one or more sub-lines; and three-dimensionally characterizing the sample based on the sub-line analysis.

Abstract: The present invention provides techniques for analyzing and managing information having a spatial component. Techniques such as virtual schemas can be used to create meta models for analyzing spatial information, in conjunction with information about other centric entities, including business entities, technical entities, and governmental entities. Specific embodiments provide systems, methods, computer programs and apparatus for populating databases in accordance with the defined meta models and analyzing information having spatial components in a variety of business, technical and governmental applications.