Abstract: A method and system for detecting mercury in a hydrocarbon-containing fluid stores a sample of the hydrocarbon-containing fluid in a first reservoir. A liquid phase reagent solution is stored in a second reservoir. The liquid phase reagent solution includes nanoparticles with an affinity to mercury, wherein the nanoparticles are suspended as a colloid in the liquid phase reagent solution. The sample of the hydrocarbon-containing fluid is delivered from the first reservoir into a first port of a fluidic device while the liquid phase reagent solution is delivered from the second reservoir into a second port of the fluidic device such that the fluidic device produces slug flow. The slug flow is subject to optical analysis that determines concentration of mercury in the sample of the hydrocarbon-containing fluid.

Abstract: Wellbore fluid analysis is provided. In some implementation, a fluid analysis apparatus includes a transparent chip with an inlet configured to accept a sample of a wellbore fluid, and a flow channel allowing the wellbore fluid to come into contact with a reagent. The fluid analysis apparatus also includes two partially transmissible mirrors positioned on opposing sides of the flow channel forming an optical cavity. In another implementation, a downhole tool includes a fluid analysis apparatus with a partially transparent chip having a flow channel allowing a wellbore fluid to come into contact with a reagent. The fluid analysis apparatus also includes a measurement system that can be used in conjunction with broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for mixing a first fluid with a second fluid are described herein. One such apparatus includes a chamber that contains the first fluid and the second fluid. The apparatus also includes a piston that is positioned within the chamber and that is movable within the chamber. The piston can move back and forth to mix the first fluid and the second fluid together. The apparatus further includes a restrictor that provides for controlled movement of the piston and thus protects the piston and other components of the apparatus during operation.

Abstract: A process includes substituting a substituent on a substrate. The process includes reacting a salt of an anionic form of the substituent with an electrophilic fluorination agent to provide an electrophile containing a cationic form of the substituent. The electrophile is then electrophilically substituted on the substrate. In some aspects of the process, the substrate can be an aromatic or a non-aromatic. The process can be used for a variety of reactions having electrophilic mechanisms, including halogenation, thiocyanation and nitration.

Abstract: This invention relates to isoxazoline compounds which are inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The isoxazoline compounds are useful for inhibiting TNF in a mammal in need thereof and in the treatment or alleviation of inflammatory conditions or disease, including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive airways disease, psoriasis, allergic rhinitis, dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, septic shock, tuberculosis, graft versus host disease and cachexia associated with AIDS or cancer. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions useful therefor comprising such compounds.

Abstract: A method of purifying a hydrophobically substituted polynucleotide by reverse phase HPLC is described. The hydrophobic substituent may be removed from the polynucleotide under non-acidic conditions; the purification method is thus especially useful for acid sensitive polynucleotide analogs.

Abstract: This invention relates to isoxazoline compounds of formula (I) which are inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The isoxazoline compounds are useful for inhibiting TNF in a mammal in need thereof and in the treatment or alleviation of inflammatory conditions or disease, including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive airways disease, psoriais, allergic rhinitis, dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, septic shock, tuberculosis, graft versus host disease and cachexia associated with AIDS or cancer. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions useful therefor comprising such compounds of formula (I) wherein X.sup.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.q OH, --CHOHR.sup.5 or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CON(R.sup.6)(OH); wherein q and m are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 5; R.sup.5 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; and R.sup.6 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl; n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are as defined in the application.

Abstract: A solid support having surface-attached carboxylic acid groups is reacted with an isoxazolium salt to form an activated support having enol ester and sulfonate groups. After washing to remove residual isoxazolium salt and base, the activated support is dried. A polypeptide is covalently or non-covalently bound to the support. The resultant immobilized polypeptide can be conveniently sequenced by N- and C-terminal sequencing methods. The support can be a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane or a glass fiber membrane having surface attached carboxylic acid groups, and the enol and sulfonate groups are provided by reacting the support with 2-ethyl-5'-phenylisoxazolium sulfonate. The dry support can be stored for at least about 3 months to achieve a peptide immobilization yield that is substantially the same as the yield obtained in the absence of drying.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase in a mammal in need thereof by administering compounds of the core of formula ##STR1## the racemic, racemic-diastereomeric mixtures and optical isomers of said compounds and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.