Abstract: Systems and methods for forecasting power generation in a wind farm are disclosed. The systems and methods utilize an induced Markov chain model to generate a forecast of power generation of the wind farm. The forecast is at least one of a point forecast or a distributional forecast. Additionally, the systems and methods modify at least one of: (i) a generation of electricity at a power plant coupled to a common power grid as the wind farm; or (ii) a distribution of electricity in the common power grid based on the forecast of power generation of the wind farm. In an exemplary approach, utilizing the induced Markov chain model to generate the forecast may include determining a series of time adjacent power output measurements based on historical wind power measurements and calculating a time series of difference values based on the series of time adjacent power output measurements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forecasting power generation in a wind farm are disclosed. The systems and methods utilize an induced Markov chain model to generate a forecast of power generation of the wind farm. The forecast is at least one of a point forecast or a distributional forecast. Additionally, the systems and methods modify at least one of: (i) a generation of electricity at a power plant coupled to a common power grid as the wind farm; or (ii) a distribution of electricity in the common power grid based on the forecast of power generation of the wind farm. In an exemplary approach, utilizing the induced Markov chain model to generate the forecast may include determining a series of time adjacent power output measurements based on historical wind power measurements and calculating a time series of difference values based on the series of time adjacent power output measurements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forecasting wind farm power generation are disclosed. Via use of a support vector machine (SVM) enhanced Markov model, short-term wind power generation forecasts may be generated. Exemplary approaches accurately account for wind ramp-up and ramp-down, as well as diurnal non-stationarity and seasonality of wind power generation. Via use of the disclosed forecasting approaches, utilities and grid managers can make improved decisions relating to electrical power generation and transmission, thus reducing costs and reducing pollution.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing electricity of an electrical supply grid electrically connected to a wind farm are disclosed. Some systems and methods may include identifying relationships among a plurality of turbines in the wind farm with a minimum spanning tree, calculating a power output relationship among the plurality of turbines with the minimum spanning tree, creating a finite state space Markov chain forecast model for the plurality of turbines in the wind farm, predicting a power output of the wind farm with the finite state space Markov chain forecast model, and modifying at least one of a generation of electricity and a distribution of electricity based on the predicted power output of the wind farm. Also disclosed are systems and methods for predicting the power output of a wind farm.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forecasting wind farm power generation are disclosed. Via use of a support vector machine (SVM) enhanced Markov model, short-term wind power generation forecasts may be generated. Exemplary approaches accurately account for wind ramp-up and ramp-down, as well as diurnal non-stationarity and seasonality of wind power generation. Via use of the disclosed forecasting approaches, utilities and grid managers can make improved decisions relating to electrical power generation and transmission, thus reducing costs and reducing pollution.

Abstract: A process for producing at least one photonic component (32, 33, 35, 39, 41), includes inserting the photonic component (32, 33, 35, 39, 41) into a surface layer (12) of a semiconductor wafer and/or within a semiconductor wafer, especially of a semiconductor chip (11, 31, 34, 38, 40) for the simpler and more cost-effective production with the most desired possible three-dimensional structures. At least one laser beam (22) is coupled into the material of the surface layer (12) and/or of the semiconductor wafer, in which the laser beam (22) is focused at a predetermined depth in the material. At least one property of the material and/or the material structure is changed in the area of focus (23, 36).

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing electricity of an electrical supply grid electrically connected to a wind farm are disclosed. Some systems and methods may include identifying relationships among a plurality of turbines in the wind farm with a minimum spanning tree, calculating a power output relationship among the plurality of turbines with the minimum spanning tree, creating a finite state space Markov chain forecast model for the plurality of turbines in the wind farm, predicting a power output of the wind farm with the finite state space Markov chain forecast model, and modifying at least one of a generation of electricity and a distribution of electricity based on the predicted power output of the wind farm. Also disclosed are systems and methods for predicting the power output of a wind farm.

Abstract: A process for producing at least one photonic component (32, 33, 35, 39, 41), includes inserting the photonic component (32, 33, 35, 39, 41) into a surface layer (12) of a semiconductor wafer and/or within a semiconductor wafer, especially of a semiconductor chip (11, 31, 34, 38, 40) for the simpler and more cost-effective production with the most desired possible three-dimensional structures. At least one laser beam (22) is coupled into the material of the surface layer (12) and/or of the semiconductor wafer, in which the laser beam (22) is focused at a predetermined depth in the material. At least one property of the material and/or the material structure is changed in the area of focus (23, 36).