Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject using, inter alia, a reader configured to measure both the number of signal pixels and the intensities of signal pixels to generate a quantitative signal readout that is used to assess average antibody avidity of an anti-viral antibody, e.g., an anti-HIV antibody, in a sample liquid and/or viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject using, inter alia, a reader configured to measure both the number of signal pixels and the intensities of signal pixels to generate a quantitative signal readout that is used to assess average antibody avidity of an anti-viral antibody, e.g., an anti-HIV antibody, in a sample liquid and/or viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject.

Abstract: A collector includes a collecting element that receives a sample of bodily fluid. The collecting element may be an absorbent pad that has been treated with a surfactant to optimize recovery of analytes from the sample and/or their absorbance onto the absorbent material. An extractor is operably connected to a container and receives the collector to provide fluid communication between the collector and the container. The collector, when received by the extractor, is operable to release a volume of the sample into the container.

Abstract: Method for extending bloom life of a cut flower by bathing the flower in a solution which contains isoniazid. Also disclosed are compositions for use in the method.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of extending bloom life of a cut flower. In the method, a storage solution containing 5-deoxy-5-ethylthio-D-ribose (ETR) is provided, and the stem of the cut flower is bathed in the solution. ETR is safe for human use, and is effective at relatively low concentrations. A method for synthesizing 5-deoxy-5-alkylthioribose compounds is also disclosed.