Abstract: A non-volatile resistive random-access memory (ReRAM), which includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a resistive switching/active layer which is located between the first and second electrode. The switching layer contains milk or is milk-based, or contains an emulsion containing lactose, fat, protein and water. The switching layer may more specifically contain cow milk.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-volatile resistive random access memory (ReRAM), a non-volatile ReRAM composition and to a method for manufacturing a non-volatile non-volatile ReRAM. The ReRAM includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a resistive switching/active layer which is located between the first and second electrodes. The switching layer contains chitosan and aluminium doped/incorporated zinc oxide. The switching/active layer may be configured to perform a switching operation according to an applied voltage. The switching/active layer may be in the form of a film. The switching/active layer may be coated/applied onto the first electrode and the second electrode may be placed/applied/provided over the switching/active layer such that the switching/active layer is located/wedged in-between the two electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-volatile resistive random access memory (ReRAM), a non-volatile ReRAM composition and to a method for manufacturing a non-volatile non-volatile ReRAM. The ReRAM includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a resistive switching/active layer which is located between the first and second electrodes. The switching layer contains chitosan and aluminium doped/incorporated zinc oxide. The switching/active layer may be configured to perform a switching operation according to an applied voltage. The switching/active layer may be in the form of a film. The switching/active layer may be coated/applied onto the first electrode and the second electrode may be placed/applied/provided over the switching/active layer such that the switching/active layer is located/wedged in-between the two electrodes.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating a fluid are disclosed. The apparatus includes a cylindrical chamber of non-magnetic material for holding a volume of fluid to be treated. The fluid contains a quantity of magnetic particles, preferably nanoparticles, having desired properties for treating the fluid. The apparatus includes a magnetic field generator for creating a non-static magnetic field within the chamber, thereby to induce motion in the magnetic particles within the chamber in use. The chamber has an inlet through which fluid to be treated can be introduced, and an outlet through which treated fluid can be removed from the chamber. Sets of windings are disposed concentrically about the chamber and arranged to create a rotating magnetic field within the chamber. Preferably the rotating magnetic field rotates in the opposite sense to swirling rotation of the fluid in the chamber. This enhances contact between the nano-particles and the fluid to be treated.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating a fluid are disclosed. The apparatus includes a cylindrical chamber of non-magnetic material for holding a volume of fluid to be treated. The fluid contains a quantity of magnetic particles, preferably nanoparticles, having desired properties for treating the fluid. The apparatus includes a magnetic field generator for creating a non-static magnetic field within the chamber, thereby to induce motion in the magnetic particles within the chamber in use. The chamber has an inlet through which fluid to be treated can be introduced, and an outlet through which treated fluid can be removed from the chamber. Sets of windings are disposed concentrically about the chamber and arranged to create a rotating magnetic field within the chamber. Preferably the rotating magnetic field rotates in the opposite sense to swirling rotation of the fluid in the chamber. This enhances contact between the nano-particles and the fluid to be treated.