Abstract: A medical anchoring apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes an omega-shaped anchoring element. A proximal end of the omega-shaped anchoring element has a primary inlet groove for the receiving end of a lead, while a distal end of the omega-shaped anchoring element includes a stopper element and an outlet groove for protruding lead. A nanosilver antimicrobial foam coupled beneath the distal end of the omega shaped anchoring element at a lead entry point of a skin area of a subject around the outlet groove. The apparatus employs single coated nonwoven porous acrylic adhesive, which adheres to the skin of the patient. The omega shaped anchoring element helps manage lead displacement, and secure while allowing for predefined lead migration and lead management. The nanosilver antimicrobial foam is configured with silver particles. The medical anchoring apparatus is used to secure leads that may migrate through the patient's skin into the body.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation system having a main condenser comprising a plurality of tubes having fluted external condensing surfaces upon which downflowing nitrogen vapor condenses, and having structured internal boiling surfaces upon which downflowing oxygen liquid vaporizes.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation system wherein nitrogen vapor from a higher pressure column and oxygen liquid from a lower pressure column each pass down through a once-through main condenser in heat exchange relation and some but not all of the oxygen liquid is vaporized such that the oxygen liquid and vapor exit the condenser in a liquid to vapor mass flowrate ratio within the range of from 0.05 to 0.5 whereby the need for a recirculation pump to ensure avoidance of oxygen boiling to dryness is eliminated.