Abstract: In certain aspects, a composition includes a monomer binder, a plurality of silica nanoparticles, a surface energy reducing additive, and a blend of a high polarity solvent and a low polarity solvent. The high polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 1.2 or greater, and the low polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 0.7 or less. In certain aspects, a coated substrate includes a substrate and a coating over the substrate. The substrate is selected from a group consisting of glass, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, and polyethylene terepthalate. The coating includes a polymer binder, a plurality of nanoparticles, and a surface energy reducing additive. The coated substrate has a transparency of at least about 80% light transmission at one or more wavelengths in a range of 380 nm to 740 nm.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, articles thereof, and methods of forming compositions. In at least one aspect, a composition includes (1) an epoxy, (2) an amino or amido hardener, (3) a polyaniline, (4) a dopant selected from a triazolyl, a thiazolyl, a quinolinyl, a salicylate, a benzoate, a glycolate, a phosphate, a sulfonate, an oxalate, or combination(s) thereof; and (5) a pigment selected from titanium dioxide, silica, talc, mica, aluminium stearate, or combination(s) thereof. The polyaniline+dopant comprises greater than 6 wt %, by weight of the composition. In at least one aspect, a method includes introducing an acid form of a polyaniline to a hydroxide to form a polyaniline hydroxide. The method includes introducing a dopant to the polyaniline hydroxide to form a doped polyaniline.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, articles thereof, and methods of forming compositions. In at least one aspect, a composition includes (1) an epoxy, (2) an amino or amido hardener, (3) a polyaniline, (4) a dopant selected from a triazolyl, a thiazolyl, a quinolinyl, a salicylate, a benzoate, a glycolate, a phosphate, a sulfonate, an oxalate, or combination(s) thereof; and (5) a pigment selected from titanium dioxide, silica, talc, mica, aluminium stearate, or combination(s) thereof. The polyaniline+dopant comprises greater than 6 wt %, by weight of the composition. In at least one aspect, a method includes introducing an acid form of a polyaniline to a hydroxide to form a polyaniline hydroxide. The method includes introducing a dopant to the polyaniline hydroxide to form a doped polyaniline.

Abstract: A hydrophobic-icephobic composition includes a monomer binder, an organic solvent, and a hydrolyzed organosilane. The hydrolyzed organosilane is represented by a formula of R1—Si—(OH)3. The R1 group comprises an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. A hydrophobic-icephobic coating over a substrate includes a polymer base and a polyorganosiloxane. The polyorganosiloxane includes —(R1—Si—O2)- units. The R1 group includes an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. One or more of the —(R1—Si—O2)- units of the polyorganosiloxane are may be chemically bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, articles thereof, and methods of forming compositions. In at least one aspect, a composition includes (1) an epoxy, (2) an amino or amido hardener, (3) a polyaniline, (4) a dopant selected from a triazolyl, a thiazolyl, a quinolinyl, a salicylate, a benzoate, a glycolate, a phosphate, a sulfonate, an oxalate, or combination(s) thereof; and (5) a pigment selected from titanium dioxide, silica, talc, mica, aluminium stearate, or combination(s) thereof. The polyaniline+dopant comprises greater than 6 wt %, by weight of the composition. In at least one aspect, a method includes introducing an acid form of a polyaniline to a hydroxide to form a polyaniline hydroxide. The method includes introducing a dopant to the polyaniline hydroxide to form a doped polyaniline.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, articles thereof, and methods of forming compositions. In at least one aspect, a composition includes (1) an epoxy, (2) an amino or amido hardener, (3) a polyaniline, (4) a dopant selected from a triazolyl, a thiazolyl, a quinolinyl, a salicylate, a benzoate, a glycolate, a phosphate, a sulfonate, or combination(s) thereof; and (5) a pigment selected from titanium dioxide, silica, talc, mica, aluminium stearate, or combination(s) thereof. The polyaniline+dopant comprises 6 wt % or less, by total volume of the composition. The present disclosure provides substrates having a composition disposed thereon. In at least one aspect, a method includes introducing an acid form of a polyaniline to a hydroxide to form a polyaniline hydroxide. The method includes introducing a dopant to the polyaniline hydroxide to form a doped polyaniline.

Abstract: A hydrophobic-icephobic composition includes a monomer binder, an organic solvent, and a hydrolyzed organosilane. The hydrolyzed organosilane is represented by a formula of R1—Si—(OH)3. The R1 group comprises an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. A hydrophobic-icephobic coating over a substrate includes a polymer base and a polyorganosiloxane. The polyorganosiloxane includes —(R1—Si—O2)— units. The R1 group includes an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. One or more of the —(R1—Si—O2)— units of the polyorganosiloxane are may be chemically bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: In certain aspects, a composition includes a monomer binder, a plurality of silica nanoparticles, a surface energy reducing additive, and a blend of a high polarity solvent and a low polarity solvent. The high polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 1.2 or greater, and the low polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 0.7 or less. In certain aspects, a coated substrate includes a substrate and a coating over the substrate. The substrate is selected from a group consisting of glass, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, and polyethylene terepthalate. The coating includes a polymer binder, a plurality of nanoparticles, and a surface energy reducing additive. The coated substrate has a transparency of at least about 80% light transmission at one or more wavelengths in a range of 380 nm to 740 nm.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrolyte solutions for electrodeposition of chromium-iron alloys and methods of electrodepositing chromium-iron alloys. An electrolyte solution for electroplating can include a trivalent chromium salt, an oxalate compound, an iron salt, an aluminum sulfate, an alkali metal sulfate, and an alkali metal halide. An electrolyte solution can be formed by dissolving a trivalent chromium salt, an oxalate compound, an iron salt, an aluminum sulfate, an alkali metal sulfate, and an alkali metal halide in water or an aqueous solution. Electrodepositing chromium-iron alloys on a substrate can include introducing a cathode and an anode into an electrolyte solution comprising a trivalent chromium salt, an oxalate compound, an iron salt, an aluminum sulfate, an alkali metal sulfate, and an alkali metal halide. Electrodepositing can further include passing a current between the cathode and the anode through the electrolyte solution to deposit chromium and iron onto the cathode.