Abstract: A thermo-optically functional composition is disclosed. The composition includes a solid solution of at least two materials selected such that the composition emits thermal radiation, wherein each material is selected from the group consisting of metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal oxides, metal borides, metal silicides and combinations thereof, wherein each metal is selected from the group consisting of tungsten or tungsten alloys, hafnium or hafnium alloys, niobium or niobium alloys, tantalum or tantalum alloys, titanium or titanium alloys, zirconium or zirconium alloys, and combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: A core-shell particulate is provided. The core-shell particulate includes a metal core particulate including a noble metal or a refractory metal; and a ceramic shell including a transition metal composition. The transition metal composition includes a material including hafnium, or zirconium, or yttrium, or tantalum, or tungsten, or molybdenum, or niobium, or any combinations thereof. The ceramic shell substantially uniformly encloses the metal core particulate. A method of making a core-shell particulate is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a metal core particulate; and disposing a ceramic shell including a transition metal composition onto the core particulate. An article including a plurality of core-shell particulates is also provided.

Abstract: A light source includes a base, a light-transmissive envelope coupled to the base, a composition disposed within the light-transmissive envelope, and a gas phase contained by the envelope for suppressing vaporization of the composition at operating temperatures greater than about 2000 Kelvin. The composition includes a first region and a second region and operable to suppress or reflect photons having a wavelength greater than about 700 nm and to emit or transmit photons having a wavelength between about 400 nm and about 700 nm.

Abstract: An article is provided including a heating element and a high temperature coating coated on the heating element. The high temperature coating comprises a first region and a second region arranged in a structure such that the first and second regions maintain a periodicity of distribution between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm. Furthermore, the first region includes a first material selected from the group consisting of carbides of transition metals, nitrides of transition metals, and borides of transition metals.

Abstract: An ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition is capable of emitting radiation if excited. A radiation source includes such an ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition. The ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition includes at least a metal, a metal and a metal compound, or a metal compound.

Abstract: A high temperature stable composition includes a first material and a second material interspersed within the first material so as to form a structure. The composition is structured such that the first and second materials maintain a periodicity of distribution between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm, and the composition is operable to reflect photons having a wavelength greater than about 700 nm and to emit or transmit photons having a wavelength between about 400 nm and about 700 nm at temperatures greater than about 2000 Kelvin for at least about 10 hours.

Abstract: An emitter is disclosed. The emitter includes a base layer, where the base layer includes an emissive region of nanocavities and wherein the base layer includes hafnium and nitrogen. A radiation source including the emitter is also disclosed.

Abstract: A high temperature, stabilized thermo-optically functional composite is disclosed. The composite includes a phase stabilized matrix including a first component stabilized by a second component and a plurality of discrete metallic particles interspersed with respect to the matrix, wherein the composite is stable at temperatures greater than about 2000 degrees K.

Abstract: A thermo-optically functional composition is disclosed. A metal component and a non-metal component, wherein the metal component comprises one or more metals and the non-metal component comprises two or more non-metals, wherein an emission spectrum or a reflection spectrum of the composition is different from an emission spectrum or a reflection spectrum of the one or more metals, the two or more non-metals, or any combinations of the metals and non-metals thereof when taken separately from the composition.

Abstract: A thermo-optically functional composition is disclosed. The composition includes components A, B, C, and D, and has a thermal emission or reflection spectrum that is altered with respect to a thermal emission or reflection spectrum of a composition ABn and a thermal emission or reflection spectrum of a composition CDp, where at least A is different from C or B is different from D.

Abstract: A thermo-optically functional composition is disclosed. The composition includes a solid solution of at least two materials selected such that the composition emits thermal radiation, wherein each material is selected from the group consisting of metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal oxides, metal borides, metal silicides and combinations thereof, wherein each metal is selected from the group consisting of tungsten or tungsten alloys, hafnium or hafnium alloys, niobium or niobium alloys, tantalum or tantalum alloys, titanium or titanium alloys, zirconium or zirconium alloys, and combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: A radiation source with an ionizable mercury-free composition. The ionizable composition including at least zinc or at least one zinc compound.

Abstract: A light source includes a base, a light-transmissive envelope coupled to the base, a composition disposed within the light-transmissive envelope, and a gas phase contained by the envelope for suppressing vaporization of the composition at operating temperatures greater than about 2000 Kelvin. The composition includes a first region and a second region and operable to suppress or reflect photons having a wavelength greater than about 700 nm and to emit or transmit photons having a wavelength between about 400 nm and about 700 nm.

Abstract: A light source includes a base, a light-transmissive envelope coupled to the base and a heating element coupled to the base and positioned within the light-transmissive envelope. The heating element includes a first region and a second region arranged in a structure having a periodicity of distribution of between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm, in which the first region includes a first material selected from the group consisting of carbides of transition metals, nitrides of transition metals, borides of transition metals and oxides of transition metals.

Abstract: An article is provided including a heating element and a high temperature coating coated on the heating element. The high temperature coating comprises a first region and a second region arranged in a structure such that the first and second regions maintain a periodicity of distribution between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm. Furthermore, the first region includes a first material selected from the group consisting of carbides of transition metals, nitrides of transition metals, and borides of transition metals.

Abstract: A high temperature stable composition includes a first material and a second material interspersed within the first material so as to form a structure. The composition is structured such that the first and second materials maintain a periodicity of distribution between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm, and the composition is operable to reflect photons having a wavelength greater than about 700 nm and to emit or transmit photons having a wavelength between about 400 nm and about 700 nm at temperatures greater than about 2000 Kelvin for at least about 10 hours.

Abstract: A radiation source with an ionizable mercury-free composition. The ionizable composition including at least zinc or at least one zinc compound or both.

Abstract: An ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition is capable of emitting radiation if excited. A radiation source includes such an ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition. The ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition includes at least a metal, a metal and a metal compound, or a metal compound.

Abstract: A radiation source with an ionizable mercury-free composition. The ionizable composition comprising at least zinc or at least one zinc compound or both.

Abstract: An electron emissive composition comprises a barium tantalate composition in an amount of about 50 to about 95 wt %; and a ferroelectric oxide composition in an amount of about 5 to about 50 wt %, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the barium tantalate composition and the ferroelectric oxide composition. A method for manufacturing an electron emissive composition comprises blending a barium tantalate composition in an amount of about 50 to about 95 wt % with a ferroelectric oxide composition in an amount of about 5 to about 50 wt % to form an electron emissive precursor composition, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the barium tantalate composition and the ferroelectric oxide composition; and sintering the composition at a temperature of about 1000° C. to about 1700° C.