Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for advanced notification of critical updates. Some aspects more specifically relate to transmission of an indication of a critical update at least a threshold duration prior to the critical update occurring, where the indication of the critical update includes a time at which the critical update is to occur. In some implementations, the time at which the critical update is to occur may be indicated via a difference between a time at which the indication of the critical update is received and the time at which the critical update is to occur, via a quantity of beacon intervals, via an absolute time reference, or any combination thereof. Additionally, or alternatively, the indication of the critical update may include an indication of one or more communication links for which the critical update applies, additional information about the critical update, or both.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for artificial intelligence-based smart roaming. Some aspects more specifically relate to artificial intelligence-driven based roaming. In some examples, the STA may input one or more parameters related to a current environment of the STA into the machine learning model. In some examples, the machine learning model may generate an output comprising at least a target AP for the STA to associate with. In some examples, the output of the machine learning model may include at least a target AP, a list of candidate APs a corresponding list of RSSI values associated with the list of candidate APs, or any combination thereof. In such examples, the list of candidate APs may include a set of APs located within an environment (such as an operating area) of the STA.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless device may transmit a first request message that requests preparation of a service transition from a first access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) to a second AP MLD among one or more candidate AP MLDs. The wireless device may receive a first response message that indicates that one candidate AP MLD, among the candidate AP MLDs, is the second AP MLD prepared for the service transition. The wireless device may transmit a second request message to the first AP MLD or the second AP MLD. The wireless device may receive a second response message that indicates completion of the service transition to the second AP MLD and that the second AP MLD is ready for data communications. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for performing passive scanning operations on one or more wireless channels. In some implementations, a wireless communication device configures an off-channel scan time and a passive scanning period for passive scanning operations based on latency requirements of a low-latency application, and selects a home channel dwell time for the passive scanning operations. The wireless communication device may perform the passive scanning operation by alternating between listening for beacon frames on one or more second wireless channels for the configured off-channel scan time and dwelling on a home channel for the selected home channel dwell time during a first portion of the configured scanning period. The wireless communication device also may listen for beacon frames on the one or more second wireless channels during a second portion of the configured scanning period that is defined by the selected home channel dwell time.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) is associated with a primary link and a non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD transmits, on only the primary link, a frame including a complete profile of the primary link and indicating a complete profile of the non-primary link. The respective complete profiles of the primary link and the non-primary link each include capabilities, operation parameters, and other discovery information. The frame can include fields and elements that carry the complete profile of the primary link, and can include a multi-link (ML) element that indicates the complete profile of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD can receive or determine an update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link, and can transmit, on the primary link, an indication of the update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for performing passive scanning operations on one or more wireless channels. In some implementations, a wireless communication device configures an off-channel scan time and a passive scanning period for passive scanning operations based on latency requirements of a low-latency application, and selects a home channel dwell time for the passive scanning operations. The wireless communication device may perform the passive scanning operation by alternating between listening for beacon frames on one or more second wireless channels for the configured off-channel scan time and dwelling on a home channel for the selected home channel dwell time during a first portion of the configured scanning period. The wireless communication device also may listen for beacon frames on the one or more second wireless channels during a second portion of the configured scanning period that is defined by the selected home channel dwell time.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) is associated with a primary link and a non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD transmits, on only the primary link, a frame including a complete profile of the primary link and indicating a complete profile of the non-primary link. The respective complete profiles of the primary link and the non-primary link each include capabilities, operation parameters, and other discovery information. The frame can include fields and elements that carry the complete profile of the primary link, and can include a multi-link (ML) element that indicates the complete profile of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD can receive or determine an update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link, and can transmit, on the primary link, an indication of the update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link.

Abstract: Aspects relate to wireless communication at a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may include a transmitter configured to communicate using a first communication protocol, a receiver configured to communicate using a second communication protocol, different from the first communication protocol, a first antenna coupled to the transmitter, a second antenna coupled to the receiver and physically separated from the first antenna by a variable distance. The wireless communication device transmits, via the first antenna, a first transmission within a first frequency range, and receives via the second antenna, a second transmission within a second frequency range that overlaps the first frequency range.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for performing actions related to maximum allowed and active links at an access point (AP) multilink device (MLD) for each client. An example method performed by an AP MLD includes outputting, for transmission, a first frame indicating at least one of: a first limit on an allowed number of links for association with a multi-link device (MLD) with which the apparatus is affiliated, or a second limit on a number of allowed active links, obtaining, from a client, a request to associate one or more links between the client and the AP MLD, and processing the request subject to at least the first limit.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) is associated with a primary link and a non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD transmits, on only the primary link, a frame including a complete profile of the primary link and indicating a complete profile of the non-primary link. The respective complete profiles of the primary link and the non-primary link each include capabilities, operation parameters, and other discovery information. The frame can include fields and elements that carry the complete profile of the primary link, and can include a multi-link (ML) element that indicates the complete profile of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD can receive or determine an update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link, and can transmit, on the primary link, an indication of the update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) associated with a primary link and a non-primary link determines that the non-primary link is unavailable, and transmits, on only the primary link, a frame carrying an indication of the unavailability of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD may set a Do Not Transmit (DNT) bit to a value of 1 and may operate as a single-link device on the primary link based on the unavailability of the non-primary link. In some instances, the NSTR softAP MLD determines that the non-primary link is available while operating as the single-link device on the primary link, resets the DNT bit based on the availability of the non-primary link, and transmits the reset DNT bit in another frame on only the primary link.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) is associated with a primary link and a non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD transmits, on only the primary link, a frame including a complete profile of the primary link and indicating a complete profile of the non-primary link. The respective complete profiles of the primary link and the non-primary link each include capabilities, operation parameters, and other discovery information. The frame can include fields and elements that carry the complete profile of the primary link, and can include a multi-link (ML) element that indicates the complete profile of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD can receive or determine an update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link, and can transmit, on the primary link, an indication of the update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link.

Abstract: Aspects relate to wireless communication at a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may include a transmitter configured to communicate using a first communication protocol, a receiver configured to communicate using a second communication protocol, different from the first communication protocol, a first antenna coupled to the transmitter, a second antenna coupled to the receiver and physically separated from the first antenna by a variable distance. The wireless communication device transmits, via the first antenna, a first transmission within a first frequency range, and receives via the second antenna, a second transmission within a second frequency range that overlaps the first frequency range.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for performing passive scanning operations on one or more wireless channels. In some implementations, a wireless communication device configures an off-channel scan time and a passive scanning period for passive scanning operations based on latency requirements of a low-latency application, and selects a home channel dwell time for the passive scanning operations. The wireless communication device may perform the passive scanning operation by alternating between listening for beacon frames on one or more second wireless channels for the configured off-channel scan time and dwelling on a home channel for the selected home channel dwell time during a first portion of the configured scanning period. The wireless communication device also may listen for beacon frames on the one or more second wireless channels during a second portion of the configured scanning period that is defined by the selected home channel dwell time.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) is associated with a primary link and a non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD transmits, on only the primary link, a frame including a complete profile of the primary link and indicating a complete profile of the non-primary link. The respective complete profiles of the primary link and the non-primary link each include capabilities, operation parameters, and other discovery information. The frame can include fields and elements that carry the complete profile of the primary link, and can include a multi-link (ML) element that indicates the complete profile of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD can receive or determine an update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link, and can transmit, on the primary link, an indication of the update to the operation parameters of the non-primary link.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) operating as a non-simultaneous transmit-receive (NSTR) soft access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) associated with a primary link and a non-primary link determines that the non-primary link is unavailable, and transmits, on only the primary link, a frame carrying an indication of the unavailability of the non-primary link. The NSTR softAP MLD may set a Do Not Transmit (DNT) bit to a value of 1 and may operate as a single-link device on the primary link based on the unavailability of the non-primary link. In some instances, the NSTR softAP MLD determines that the non-primary link is available while operating as the single-link device on the primary link, resets the DNT bit based on the availability of the non-primary link, and transmits the reset DNT bit in another frame on only the primary link.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for handling direct link communications in multi-link systems. An example method generally includes transmitting, to a first wireless station via a direct link between the first wireless station and one or more second wireless stations affiliated with a multi-link device (MLD), a data frame comprising a transmitter address field set to an address of the MLD, which is one of a plurality of addresses associated with the MLD and the second wireless stations being affiliated with the MLD for multi-link operations. The method also includes communicating with the first wireless station via the direct link.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for handling direct link communications in multi-link systems. An example method generally includes transmitting, to a first wireless station via a direct link between the first wireless station and one or more second wireless stations affiliated with a multi-link device (MLD), a data frame comprising a transmitter address field set to an address of the MLD, which is one of a plurality of addresses associated with the MLD and the second wireless stations being affiliated with the MLD for multi-link operations. The method also includes communicating with the first wireless station via the direct link.

Abstract: Systems and methods for wireless communications are disclosed. More particularly, aspects generally relate to an apparatus for wireless communications. The apparatus generally includes an interface for communicating with a plurality of wireless nodes via a plurality of antennas, and a processing system configured to determine a power state of each of the plurality of wireless nodes, and change from a first antenna mode used for communicating with the wireless nodes using a first number of spatial streams to a second antenna mode used for communicating with the wireless nodes using a second number of spatial streams, based on the determined power states of the wireless nodes.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. An access point (AP) transmits instructions to quiet a dynamic frequency selection (DFS) home channel for a period of time. Instructions can include a quiet information element (IE) or a clear-to-send to self (CTS2Self) frame. The AP then allocates a first dedicated RF chain to a first media access control (MAC) component and a second dedicated RF chain, separate from the first dedicated RF chain, to a second MAC component of the access point. The allocation can include reducing the number of RF chains dedicated to the first MAC component. During the time period determined by the instructions, the first dedicated RF chain scans the home DFS channel and the second dedicated RF chain scans at least one other channel (e.g., based at least in part on the time period and channel scan priority) in the same band as the DFS home channel.