Abstract: According to the invention a truncated conical disc is provided with inward and outward flanges carrying projections and a plurality of curved bars or ribs located so that the projection thereof onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of spinning is a plurality of converging spirals. The height of each rib at a section through the normal to the truncated conical surface of the disc and the plate is between 0.2 and 0.5 the height of the projections. As reviewed in section, the edge of each rib, meets head-on the flow of the liquid clarified, and makes an angle approximately 90 deg. with the truncated conical surface of the disc.

Abstract: A photoelectric converter of sizes of particles contained in a flow of gas to electric pulses comprises a chamber with a means for directing an aerosol flow into and from said chamber optically connected to an illumination means which forms a convergent light flux to illuminate the aerosol flow, and to a photoreceiver arranged so that its optical axis, as well as that of the illumination means and the axis of the aerosol flow all intersect at a right angle inside the chamber. The converter further includes a channel for transmitting part of the light flux of the illumination means to the photoreceiver, and a calibration light pulse former accommodated in said channel. The latter contains two mirrors installed in the chamber across the optical axes of the illumination means and the photoreceiver, respectively, beyond the point of intersection of said optical axes. The calibration light pulse former comprises a diaphragm and a mechanical shutter which comprises, in turn, a rod and a reciprocating drive.

Abstract: According to the invention, the instrument for measuring the sizes and quantity of particles in a fluid medium comprises a light-sensitive device which converts light scattered by particles in a flow of a fluid medium which crosses a beam emitted by a light source, as well as some part of the light of that beam, arriving from an element whose purpose is to simulate a calibrated particle, to electric pulses. The light-sensitive device is connected via a divider, whose purpose is to distribute pulses according to the sizes of particles, to signal inputs of respective threshold devices whose outputs are connected to inputs of counters with indicators. The element which simulates a calibrated particle is adapted to periodically change, in the course of measurement, the brightness of light received by the light-sensitive device.

Abstract: A centrifugal liquid cleaner comprising a vertical hollow axle fixed immovably on a base and having a liquid inlet and outlet and carrying a cylindrical rotor made up of a bushing arranged coaxially with the hollow axle and wound spirally with a band whose adjacent turns contain spacers arranged radially one after another parallel with the hollow axle and forming, together with the band, gaps for the passage of the liquid, and impellers installed at the ends of the bushing and made in the form of discs with ribs intended for fastening the edges of the spacers. The impeller discs are made and secured in such a manner that the distance between each disc and the corresponding edge of the band helix satisfies the condition: ##EQU1## where: l.sub.1 =distance between the disc of one impeller and the corresponding edge of the band helix;l.sub.2 =distance between the disc of the other impeller and the corresponding edge of the band helix;R=maximum radius of the band helix;r=moving radius of the band helix;r.sub.

Abstract: A centrifugal liquid purifier comprising a vertically extending hollow axle secured on a base and having an inlet and an outlet for liquid, both the inlet and the outlet communicate with respective spaces of a cylindrical rotor mounted on the axle. The casing of the rotor accommodates a bushing arranged coaxially with the hollow axle and is provided with a spiral-shaped band fixed thereon; and with spacers located one after another between adjacent turns of the band in parallel with the hollow axle. The spacers form radial rows and together with the band define slit passages for liquid. The band is made with crimps which run parallel with the hollow axle, while the spacers are located in the crimp tops.

Abstract: According to the invention, the device for granulometric analysis of particles contained in fluids comprises a feeding channel and a receiving channel intended for passage of a fluid under investigation. The two channels communicate with each other through a nozzle. The ratio between the diameters of the nozzle and the receiving channel is in the range of 1/4 to 1/7. The receiving channel is provided with transparent windows for passage of a light flux emitted by a lighting means through the fluid in that channel. The device further includes a light-sensitive means to receive light reflected from particles contained in the fluid.

Abstract: According to the invention, the device for granulometric analysis of particles contained in fluids comprises a flow-through chamber of an analyzer, a lighting means arranged outside the chamber, opposite a window which is transparent to light and provided in the wall of the chamber, said lighting means being intended to direct a convergent light beam through said window into said chamber, and a light-sensitive means intended to receive light reflected from particles contained in the fluid under investigation and arranged outside said chamber, opposite a second window provided in the wall of the chamber, which second window is transparent to reflected light. The second window is shaped as a cylinder whose axis is matched with the optical axis of the lighting means; the walls of the cylinder serve as walls of the chamber.

Abstract: A centrifugal fluid cleaner consists of a vertical hollow shaft fixed rigidly to a base and provided with conduits for the supply and removal of fluid in the upper part of the shaft and a cylindrical rotor rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft. The rotor comprises a casing accommodating an inside sleeve installed coaxially with the hollow shaft and carrying a band coiled around the sleeve in a helical manner, spacers, installed between adjacent turns of the helical band so as to form a plurality of slots within the helical band to permit passage of the fluid, and impellers installed at both ends of the sleeve so that the lower impeller is located in a bottom cavity communicating with the fluid inlet conduit in the hollow shaft and the upper one in a chamber communicating with the fluid outlet conduit in the hollow shaft.

Abstract: According to the invention, the device for introducing samples into an analyzer of an apparatus for granulometric analysis of particles contained in fluids comprises a funnel whose outlet is connected to a channel communicating with a supply channel of an analyzer. Immediately downstream of the funnel, the channel has a horizontal portion of a length roughly equal to 3 to 5 channel diameters. Downstream of the horizontal portion there is a vertical portion whose diameter first gradually increases until it is 4 to 6 times greater than its initial value and is then gradually reduced to the initial value.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a fluid flow containing particles of a given size is intended to calibrate the instruments for granulometric recording of particles in fluids. The apparatus comprises a chamber having an inlet port and an outlet duct to communicate with the inlet of the instrument being calibrated, and having a feeding duct to feed the chamber with reference particles. At least one portion of the chamber near the outlet duct is implemented as a horizontally oriented transparent cylinder in which a transparent duct is disposed coaxially with the cylinder. One end portion of the transparent duct tapers to a diametrical size which is commensurate with the maximum diameter of the reference particles. An inspection means to monitor the size of the reference particles is disposed above this end portion.

Abstract: A centrifugal liquid cleaner comprises a vertically extending hollow axle fixedly secured to a base, the axle having an inlet and an outlet for liquid. The axle supports a cylindrical rotor having a casing accommodating a sleeve which is coaxial with the hollow axle and has a band wound in a spiral and fixed to the sleeve, and spacers are mounted in a succession in the radial direction between adjacent turns of the spiral to extend in parallel with the hollow axle, the spacers defining, with the band, apertures for the passage of liquid. The band has longitudinally extending ridges verticaly spaced along the entire height thereof cambering towards the hollow axle. This construction of the centrifugal liquid cleaner enables an improvement of fineness of liquid cleaning by several times.