Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods are provided herein useful to providing item information to customers. In some embodiments, a system for providing item information to customers in an online retail environment comprises a data store configured to store states of items, a user device, and a control circuit configured to receive, from backend systems, nonevent item information for a first item including pricing associated with a nonevent for the first item, receive from the backend systems, event item information for the first item including pricing information associated with an event for the first item and temporal information associated with the event, pregenerate, based on the nonevent item information, a nonevent state of the first item, pregenerate, based on the event item information, an event state of the first time, and transmit, for storage in the data store, the nonevent and event states of the first item.

Abstract: A network management system program and graphical user interface for large-scale optical networks is described. The network management system includes a connection management system that allows a user to manually configure connections among network elements within the network. The user defines general connection attributes within the network and adds network elements to the route or routes. The user provisions crossconnects within each network element to establish the route connections. The connection management system includes a validation function to verify the validity of the user defined connections. A graphical user interface comprises a portion of a network management system that controls a network comprising a plurality of coupled computers.

Abstract: A network management system program and graphical user interface for large-scale optical networks is described. The network management system includes a connection management system that allows a user to manually configure connections among network elements within the network. The user defines general connection attributes within the network and adds network elements to the route or routes. The user provisions crossconnects within each network element to establish the route connections. The connection management system includes a validation function to verify the validity of the user defined connections. A graphical user interface comprises a portion of a network management system that controls a network comprising a plurality of coupled computers.

Abstract: A network management system program and graphical user interface for large-scale optical networks is described. The network management system includes a connection management system that allows a user to manually configure connections among network elements within the network. The user defines general connection attributes within the network and adds network elements to the route or routes. The user provisions crossconnects within each network element to establish the route connections. The connection management system includes a validation function to verify the validity of the user defined connections. A graphical user interface comprises a portion of a network management system that controls a network comprising a plurality of coupled computers.