Abstract: A substrate with differing dielectric constant materials is provided. The substrate includes a first ground plane, a second ground plane, a first conductive trace, a first material having a first dielectric constant, and a second material having a second dielectric constant. The first material is disposed between the first ground plane and the first conductive trace, and the second material is disposed between the second ground plane and at least part of the first conductive trace. The first dielectric constant is different from the second dielectric constant.

Abstract: A method for mounting an interlock module between two contactors, including: providing a first contactor having a first mounting surface and a first movable iron core assembly and a second contactor having a second mounting surface and a second movable iron core assembly, and placing the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface face to face; providing the interlock module comprising a first slider, a second slider and a housing formed separately from the first slider and the housing, an interlocking portion being mounted in the housing for interacting with the first slider and the second slider; connecting the first slider to the first movable iron core assembly of the first contactor; connecting the second slider to the second movable iron core assembly of the second contactor; assembling the housing to the first slider and the second slider; and fixing the housing.

Abstract: A connector includes a housing, a plurality of transmission terminals disposed within the housing, and a grounding strip disposed within the housing and arranged on one side of the plurality of transmission terminals. The grounding strip includes a plurality of grounding terminals and a plurality of extensions. The plurality of grounding terminals each extend from at least one end of the grounding strip. The plurality of extensions each extend from the grounding strip and are arranged between two adjacent ones of the plurality of grounding terminals. At least one of the plurality of extensions faces towards corresponding ones of the plurality of transmission terminals.

Abstract: A connector connection terminal for an electrical connector includes a main body part, a soldering leg and a transition section. The main body part is adapted to be installed inside an insulating housing of the electrical connector. The soldering leg is adapted to be soldered onto a circuit board so as to electrically connect the connection terminal to the circuit board. The soldering leg and the main body part have different widths. The transition section extends from the main body part to the soldering leg such that a width of at least a portion of the transition section is gradually changed.

Abstract: A method of testing a network node in a communication system according to some embodiments includes obtaining a test case specification that describes a test scenario associated with the network node and extracting textual features from the test case specification. A feature vector is generated that includes the extracted textual features, and the feature vector is mapped to a plurality of available test scripts. The method selects one or more of the plurality of available test scripts for execution in response to the mapping of the feature vector. For one or more of the selected test scripts the method generates a confidence score that measures a confidence of an association of the test case specification with the selected test script. Related systems are disclosed.

Abstract: A method in a communication network for predicting whether a second service will be used by a user in a future time slot. The method comprises obtaining information about which services, of a plurality of services, have historically been used in which time slots in the communication network. The method comprises analysing the obtained information to determine that, whether a first service of the plurality of services is used in any of the historic time slots, correlates with whether the second service of the plurality of services is used in said historic time slot. The method comprises predicting whether the first service will be used by the user in the future time slot. The method comprises predicting, based on whether the first service has been predicted to be used in the future time slot, whether the second service will be used by the user in said future time slot.

Abstract: A molded flexible polyurethane foam having a hardness gradient going from soft to hard from the top to the bottom of the foam. The hardness gradient in the foam is a result of a foam elasticity gradient which arises from a polymer elasticity gradient and/or density gradient. A method for producing a flexible foam having a hardness gradient and a reactive mixture suitable for making said flexible foam is disclosed. Furthermore, the use of the flexible foams having a hardness gradient in matrasses, cushions for seating (more in particular for use in automotive seating), furniture, automotive under-carpets and dash insulators is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for training a Software Agent to control a communication network is disclosed. The method comprises initialising a training network slice within the communication network, instantiating within the training network slice a cloned version of at least one Virtualised Network Function (VNF) comprised within a production network slice, mirroring traffic incoming to the VNFs of the production network slice and forwarding the mirrored traffic to the training network slice. The method further comprises causing a training instance of the Software Agent to execute a Reinforcement Learning algorithm on the training network slice, and transferring knowledge acquired by the training instance of the Software Agent to a production instance of the Software Agent. Also disclosed are an apparatus and a computer program configured to carry out methods for training a Software Agent to control a communication network.

Abstract: A method in a user equipment for predicting an available throughput for uplink data to be sent from the user equipment to a base station over a radio link. The user equipment obtains (201) an information about a past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment obtains (202) a radio quality measure related to the radio link. The user equipment predicts (204) the available throughput based on a relationship between the information about a past scheduling of the user equipment and one or more previously obtained pieces of information about the past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a relationship between the radio quality measure and of one or more previously obtained radio quality measures. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a previously obtained throughput.

Abstract: A method in a user equipment for predicting an available throughput for uplink data to be sent from the user equipment to a base station over a radio link. The user equipment obtains (201) an information about a past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment obtains (202) a radio quality measure related to the radio link. The user equipment predicts (204) the available throughput based on a relationship between the information about a past scheduling of the user equipment and one or more previously obtained pieces of information about the past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a relationship between the radio quality measure and of one or more previously obtained radio quality measures. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a previously obtained throughput.

Abstract: A method in a user equipment for predicting an available throughput for uplink data to be sent from the user equipment to a base station over a radio link. The user equipment obtains (201) an information about a past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment obtains (202) a radio quality measure related to the radio link. The user equipment predicts (204) the available throughput based on a relationship between the information about a past scheduling of the user equipment and one or more previously obtained pieces of information about the past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a relationship between the radio quality measure and of one or more previously obtained radio quality measures. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a previously obtained throughput.

Abstract: Distributed management of analytics tasks in a programmable network (100) having a controller (SDNC, 10, 11), a plurality of network nodes (20, N1-N5) coupled to the controller by a Data Communications Network DCN, and a plurality of analytics servers (30) each coupled to a network node, involves the controller selecting which of the analytics servers to use for an analytics task. The selection is based on how data logged by respective ones of the network nodes and needed for that analytics task, can be routed to the analytics servers. The controller sends to the selected analytics server, an indication of the analytics task and an indication of what data logged by the network nodes is to be used in the analytics task.

Abstract: A dielectric waveguide for propagating electromagnetic signals comprises a cladding and an electrically conductive shield. The cladding has a body composed of a first dielectric material. The body defines a core region therethrough that is filled with a second dielectric material different than the first dielectric material. The cladding includes at least two ribs extending from an outer surface of the body to distal ends of the ribs. The electrically conductive shield engages the distal ends of the ribs and peripherally surrounds the cladding such that air gaps are defined radially between the outer surface of the body and an interior surface of the shield.

Abstract: A method (20) of enabling improved efficiency in a first communications network (10A) based on relation metrics on a relation between a first operator (A) of the first communications network (10A) and a second operator (B) of a second communications network (10A, 10B). The method (20) is performed in a network entity (7) and comprises: obtaining (21) data relating to users having a subscription with the first operator (A) and data relating to users having a subscription with the second operator (B); determining (22), based on the obtained data relating to users, a first metric IAB giving number of users roaming to the first operator (A) from the second operator (B) and a second metric OAB giving number of users roaming from the first operator (A) to the second operator (B); and providing (23) the first and second metrics IAB, OAB as relation metrics to a network device (9A) of the first communications network (10A) for use in improving efficiency in the first communications network (10A).

Abstract: The invention relates to a network node and a method for handling alarms in a communications network. The method comprises, for a set S of alarms collected in the communications network during a time period T: —obtaining a first and a second type of alarms and their time of arrival from the set; and applying Kernal Density Estimation on the respective first and second type of alarms, by applying a distribution function to each occurrence of the first and second type of alarms; thus obtaining a respective distribution function for the first and second type of alarms over the time period T.

Abstract: A method for training a Software Agent to control a communication network is disclosed. The method comprises initialising a training network slice within the communication network, instantiating within the training network slice a cloned version of at least one Virtualised Network Function (VNF) comprised within a production network slice, mirroring traffic incoming to the VNFs of the production network slice and forwarding the mirrored traffic to the training network slice. The method further comprises causing a training instance of the Software Agent to execute a Reinforcement Learning algorithm on the training network slice, and transferring knowledge acquired by the training instance of the Software Agent to a production instance of the Software Agent. Also disclosed are an apparatus and a computer program configured to carry out methods for training a Software Agent to control a communication network.

Abstract: A method in a user equipment for predicting an available throughput for uplink data to be sent from the user equipment to a base station over a radio link. The user equipment obtains (201) an information about a past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment obtains (202) a radio quality measure related to the radio link. The user equipment predicts (204) the available throughput based on a relationship between the information about a past scheduling of the user equipment and one or more previously obtained pieces of information about the past scheduling of the user equipment. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a relationship between the radio quality measure and of one or more previously obtained radio quality measures. The user equipment predicts the available throughput further based on a previously obtained throughput.

Abstract: A method (20) of enabling improved efficiency in a first communications network (10A) based on relation metrics on a relation between a first operator (A) of the first communications network (10A) and a second operator (B) of a second communications network (10A, 10B). The method (20) is performed in a network entity (7) and comprises: obtaining (21) data relating to users having a subscription with the first operator (A) and data relating to users having a subscription with the second operator (B); determining (22), based on the obtained data relating to users, a first metric IAB giving number of users roaming to the first operator (A) from the second operator (B) and a second metric OAB giving number of users roaming from the first operator (A) to the second operator (B); and providing (23) the first and second metrics IAB, OAB as relation metrics to a network device (9A) of the first communications network (10A) for use in improving efficiency in the first communications network (10A).

Abstract: A sensor data system, method and computer program configured to handle sensor data are disclosed. The system includes a reception unit adapted to receive sensor data, a storing unit adapted to store at least some of the received sensor data in an observations database, a recording unit adapted to record usage of the sensor data, and a relevance determination unit adapted to determine the relevance of the sensor data based on the recorded usage. A decision unit is adapted to remove excess sensor data with determined relevance below a limit from the observations database, and to retain relevant sensor data with determined relevance above the limit in the sensor database. Sensor data in an observations database may thereby be limited to a desired size, by removal of excess sensor data from the database.

Abstract: A control node (200), a network element (202) and methods therein, for handling network events occurring in a telecommunications network. During a training phase, network events and/or alarms are collected (2:1) from a first network element (202), such that the control node (200) can define and train (2:2) a prediction model for the first network element (202) based on an event pattern of network events that have occurred prior to detecting a performance related problem. If the same event pattern basically repeats it can be seen as an indication of a forthcoming problem before the problem actually occurs. The control node (200) sends (2:3) the prediction model to the first network element (202), which then can compare the prediction model with further detected network events, and if they match issue a warning (2:6) of a predicted problem.