Abstract: A vacuum circuit interrupter includes a vapor condensing shield formed of a porous structure of copper including a grain size inhibitor, such as boron, and a gettering metal, such as titanium or zirconium, in order to achieve enhanced levels of gas adsorption capability.

Abstract: A vacuum interrupter device 11 with contacts 21 and 27 formed from a mixture of copper, chromium, bismuth, and at least about 0.5 weight percent of chromic oxide. The mixture can additionally include small amounts of silver, iron and titanium. The chromic oxide hinders copper grain growth, binds bismuth in the matrix, and increases vacuum dielectric strength in the vacuum interrupter.

Abstract: A vacuum-type circuit interrupter is provided having a bimetallic vapor or condensing shield. The shield has a first surface consisting of a layer of a high electrically conductivity metal, as for example copper which is exposed to or faces the arcing area within the interrupter and a second layer of a superior high voltage material, as for example stainless steel which is affixed to that surface of the layer of copper away from the arcing area. The layer of stainless steel overlaps the layer of copper at the ends of the shield to an extent that allows it to be rolled over or formed to relieve electrical stresses.

Abstract: An improved image tube operable at higher voltage and gain with low noise levels wherein the electrodes include rolled end portions which extend away from the tube axis, and wherein all electrode surfaces are coated with light absorptive, low secondary electron emission characteristic, insulating material. Annular shields are disposed proximate an inlet and outlet tubulation to prevent deposition of alkali on the interior insulating ceramic envelope surfaces. An improved zoom electrode structure is provided which intercepts stray electrons while passing the focused beam to the target.

Abstract: An electron image intensifier includes an input image means having a curved photocathode surface for converting the optical image to an electron image. The electron image is imaged upon an output image means spaced from the input image means, with an annular accelerating anode positioned between for accelerating the electrons to produce the image intensification. An annular gateable electrode is disposed between the input image means and the accelerating anode. The gateable electrode is structured and positioned with an inwardly disposed end portion closely spaced from the perimeter edge of the photocathode surface, and extending along the radius of curvature of the photocathode surface. The structure substantially eliminates any distortion from the gating electrode.