Abstract: Systems and methods are described for operating an electroporation system with single cell resolution. The system controllably adjusts an (x,y) position of a multi-well plate to position a particular well relative to an electrode, a pipette, and a microscope camera that are stationary in the (x,y) plane. The same motorized (x,y) stage is also controlled to position a particular one of a plurality of interchangeable microfluidic probes (e.g., micropipettes) below a microfluidic probe coupler, wherein the coupler is also stationary in the (x,y) plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating a subject afflicted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which comprise a i) a Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, ii) a miR-33 antagonist, or iii) a TLR4/Myd88 pathway antagonist. The present invention also provides methods and compositions for use in prophylactically treating a subject for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which comprise i) a Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, ii) a miR-33 antagonist, or iii) a TLR4/Myd88 pathway antagonist.