Abstract: An arrangement having a multifunctional connection for energy storage cells or energy consumers provides at least one device for charge equalization and/or a measuring device for measuring an electrical voltage of energy storage cells or energy consumers; an electrical bridging element between two electrically insulated conductors; and a trigger circuit for activating the bridging element. One of the two electrical conductors is connected or is connectable to a first pole in an electrically conductive manner, and the other electrical conductor is connected or connectable in an electrically conductive manner to a second pole of the energy storage cell or of the energy consumer. The device for charge equalization and/or the measuring device is connected to the electrical connection of the bridging element. The electrical connection can thus be used simultaneously for triggering the bridging element and for the charge measurement and/or the charge equalization.

Abstract: The present invention describes an electrical energy storage cell with a bridging device. The energy storage cell has an at least partially electrically conductive housing (10), at least two terminals (11, 12) on the housing (10), of which a first terminal (12) is insulated from the housing (10) and a second terminal (11) is electrically conductively connected to the housing (10), and a bridging device, which can be actuated by an external signal to connect the two terminals (11, 12) of the energy storage cell electrically to each other. The energy storage cell is characterised in that the bridging device acts between the first terminal (12) and the housing (10) of the energy storage cell. A robust construction which is inexpensive to assemble can be implemented as a result.

Abstract: An electrical bypass device has two electrical conductors electrically insulated from one another and arranged such that two surface regions of the conductors are spaced apart from one another by a gap. Above the surface regions is a bypass element having at least one electrically conductive layer in the form of or connected to a mechanical energy store. The mechanical energy store is transferable by thermal triggering from a first mechanical state to a stable second mechanical state in which the electrically conductive layer of the bypass element makes electrical contact with the surface regions and shorts the two electrical conductors. Above the surface regions is a reactive element where an exothermic reaction can be triggered, resulting in the mechanical energy store transferring to the stable second mechanical state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrical bridging device comprising two electrical conductors which are electrically isolated from each other and arranged such that two surface regions of both conductors are separated from each other by a gap. The two surface regions are each covered with a layer composed of an electrically conductive material which has a lower melting point than the electrodes. A reactive layer in which an exothermic reaction can be triggered is arranged above the two layers. The gap between the two surface regions is selected and the reactive layer is dimensioned and arranged such that the two layers which are composed of the electrically conductive material fuse at the gap due to the thermal energy which is emitted during the exothermic reaction of the reactive layer and consequently an electrical connection is created between the electrical conductors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrical bridging device comprising two electrical conductors which are electrically isolated from each other and arranged such that two surface regions of both conductors are separated from each other by a gap. The two surface regions are each covered with a layer composed of an electrically conductive material which has a lower melting point than the electrodes. A reactive layer in which an exothermic reaction can be triggered is arranged above the two layers. The gap between the two surface regions is selected and the reactive layer is dimensioned and arranged such that the two layers which are composed of the electrically conductive material fuse at the gap due to the thermal energy which is emitted during the exothermic reaction of the reactive layer and consequently an electrical connection is created between the electrical conductors.

Abstract: An electrical bypass device has two electrical conductors electrically insulated from one another and arranged such that two surface regions of the conductors are spaced apart from one another by a gap. Above the surface regions is a bypass element having at least one electrically conductive layer in the form of or connected to a mechanical energy store. The mechanical energy store is transferable by thermal triggering from a first mechanical state to a stable second mechanical state in which the electrically conductive layer of the bypass element makes electrical contact with the surface regions and shorts the two electrical conductors. Above the surface regions is a reactive element where an exothermic reaction can be triggered, resulting in the mechanical energy store transferring to the stable second mechanical state.

Abstract: An arrangement having a multifunctional connection for energy storage cells or energy consumers provides at least one device for charge equalization and/or a measuring device for measuring an electrical voltage of energy storage cells or energy consumers; an electrical bridging element between two electrically insulated conductors; and a trigger circuit for activating the bridging element. One of the two electrical conductors is connected or is connectable to a first pole in an electrically conductive manner, and the other electrical conductor is connected or connectable in an electrically conductive manner to a second pole of the energy storage cell or of the energy consumer. The device for charge equalization and/or the measuring device is connected to the electrical connection of the bridging element. The electrical connection can thus be used simultaneously for triggering the bridging element and for the charge measurement and/or the charge equalization.

Abstract: The present invention describes an electrical energy storage cell with a bridging device. The energy storage cell has an at least partially electrically conductive housing (10), at least two terminals (11, 12) on the housing (10), of which a first terminal (12) is insulated from the housing (10) and a second terminal (11) is electrically conductively connected to the housing (10), and a bridging device, which can be actuated by an external signal to connect the two terminals (11, 12) of the energy storage cell electrically to each other. The energy storage cell is characterised in that the bridging device acts between the first terminal (12) and the housing (10) of the energy storage cell. A robust construction which is inexpensive to assemble can be implemented as a result.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate has a first doping region arranged at a surface and a second doping region adjacent to the first doping region. A p-n junction between the doping regions is at least partially arranged less than 5 ?m away from a contact area of the first doping region arranged at the substrate surface. A first contact structure is in contact with the first doping region in the contact area of the first doping region and has at least partially an electrically conductive material provided for a diffusion into the semiconductor substrate. The first contact structure is configured so that the conductive material provided for a diffusion into the substrate diffuses at least partially through the first doping region into the second doping region in case predefined trigger conditions occur. A second contact structure is in contact with the second doping region in a contact area of the second doping region.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate has a first doping region arranged at a surface and a second doping region adjacent to the first doping region. A p-n junction between the doping regions is at least partially arranged less than 5 ?m away from a contact area of the first doping region arranged at the substrate surface. A first contact structure is in contact with the first doping region in the contact area of the first doping region and has at least partially an electrically conductive material provided for a diffusion into the semiconductor substrate. The first contact structure is configured so that the conductive material provided for a diffusion into the substrate diffuses at least partially through the first doping region into the second doping region in case predefined trigger conditions occur. A second contact structure is in contact with the second doping region in a contact area of the second doping region.

Abstract: A method of sensing a current within a coil, said current being applied to the coil such that it is switched via a switching transistor, includes a detection transistor, a circuit and a control element. The detection transistor is configured to sense the current. The circuit is configured to provide, at a predetermined point in time during a current sensing period, a voltage across the switching transistor. The control element is configured to match, in response to the voltage provided by the circuit, the working points of the switching transistor and of the detection transistor, and to output an output signal which corresponds to the current to be sensed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel articles, especially non-woven articles comprising fibers and/or fibrids. It also relates to novel fibers and fibrids and to a process for obtaining these fibers and fibrids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel articles, especially non-woven articles comprising fibres and/or fibrids. It also relates to novel fibres and fibrids and to a process for obtaining these fibres and fibrids.

Abstract: A method of sensing a current within a coil, said current being applied to the coil such that it is switched via a switching transistor, includes a detection transistor, a circuit and a control element. The detection transistor is configured to sense the current. The circuit is configured to provide, at a predetermined point in time during a current sensing period, a voltage across the switching transistor. The control element is configured to match, in response to the voltage provided by the circuit, the working points of the switching transistor and of the detection transistor, and to output an output signal which corresponds to the current to be sensed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel articles, especially non-woven articles comprising fibres and/or fibrids. It also relates to novel fibres and fibrids and to a process for obtaining these fibres and fibrids.

Abstract: The invention relates specifically to novel articles and, in particular, to non-woven articles comprising fibres and/or fibrids. The invention also relates to novel fibres and fibrids and to a method of producing said fibres and fibrids.

Abstract: The invention relates specifically to novel articles and, in particular, to non-woven articles comprising fibres and/or fibrids. The invention also relates to novel fibres and fibrids and to a method of producing said fibres and fibrids.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making an multilevel interconnection circuitry comprising conductor tracks and micro-vias. The method for producing at least one of the levels comprises the following steps: a) on a substrate including at its surface metallizable and/or potentially metallizable parts (102), forming a first insulating photosensitive resin layer (103) comprising a compound capable of inducing subsequent metallization; b) exposing and revealing the first layer (103) so as to selectively uncover the metallizable and/or potentially metallizable parts (102) of the substrate; c) forming, by metallization, metal conductor tracks (111) and micro-vias (110) at the surface of the first insulating photosensitive resin layer (113) and of the parts uncovered during step b), by providing a second photosensitive resin layer (105) forming a selective protection, the second photosensitive resin layer (105) being eliminated.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making a circuitry comprising conductive tracks, chips and micro-vias, at the top surface of a dielectric (303) consisting of a polymer matrix, a compound capable of inducing subsequent metallization and, if required one or several non-conductive and inert fillers, said dielectric (303) covering a level of circuitry (302) or metallized layer, which comprises steps which consist in: a) perforating right through said dielectric (303) without perforating the subjacent metallized layer or the subjacent level of circuitry (302), so as to form one or several micro-vias (304) at desired sites; b) forming, by metallization, metal tracks (312), chips (313) and micro-vias (311) at the surface of the dielectric (314) and of the micro-vias (304), while providing selective protection by depositing a protective layer.