Abstract: A synthesized-beam transceiver system steers a beam of a two-dimensional antenna array by activating a first subset of antenna elements to orient the beam in a first direction and subsequently activating a second subset of the antenna elements to orient the beam in a different direction. The system also electrically connects antenna elements that are inactive, not in the first subset, or not in the second subset to a reference potential of the array.

Abstract: A synthesized-beam transceiver system steers a beam of a two-dimensional antenna array by activating a first subset of antenna elements to orient the beam in a first direction and subsequently activating a second subset of the antenna elements to orient the beam in a different direction. The system also electrically connects antenna elements that are inactive, not in the first subset, or not in the second subset to a reference potential of the array.

Abstract: A synthesized-beam transceiver system steers a beam of a two-dimensional antenna array by activating a first subset of antenna elements to orient the beam in a first direction and subsequently activating a second subset of the antenna elements to orient the beam in a different direction. The system also electrically connects antenna elements that are inactive, not in the first subset, or not in the second subset to a reference potential of the array.

Abstract: Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are associated with sensors. Sensor data from a sensor is internally associated with a mask address, such as that of a memory. The tags receive commands by a reader, which can include selection commands. The selection commands can be for selecting according to the sensor data, by invoking the mask address. The selection commands can be further associated with a mask value, calling for setting a selection flag only by those tags whose sensor data meets a selection condition relative to the mask value. Therefore the reader can select a sub-population of tags from a larger population based on sensor data.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for communicating with individual tags in a population of tags having a binary tree organization, wherein each tag corresponds to a leaf node of the binary tree. The process includes singulating a predetermined leaf node and returning to a designated re-entry node associated with the predetermined leaf node after singulating.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification tag is disclosed that is configured to transmit a signal modulated with one of more than two different subcarrier modulation frequencies such that the signal represents more than one binary bit as a single symbol.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for exchanging data between one or more RFID tags and an interrogation unit comprising transmitting a burst of data from the one or more RFID tags.

Abstract: A D.C. lamp system having a number of small zener diodes arranged in eleccal parallelism with various lamp current supply wires. The zener diodes are sized so that the collective wattage ratings of the zeners is equal to the arithmetical product of the D.C. supply voltage and the summation of the safe amperages of the lamps in the system. In event of normal lamp burnout, any tendency of the other lamps to also burn out due to excessive current surge is countered by the action of the zener diodes; potential excess current is drained through the zener diodes to ground. A large number of small zener diodes are used in preference to one large zener diode, thereby minimizing the need for heat sinks or special cooling means required by a larger zener diode.