Abstract: A method of inhibiting or preventing damage to plants or seeds by a PPN (Plant Parasitic Nematode). The method comprises applying an effective amount of a biogenic amine signalling pathway inhibitor to a plant or a seed. The biogenic amine signalling pathway inhibitor may be a serotonin signalling pathway inhibitor. In particular, the biogenic amine signalling pathway inhibitor may be reserpine or an active analogue or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A method and assembly for forming the bell end of a bell and spigot joint connecting two pipes together are disclosed herein. The method, which also includes the formation of an inner circumferential groove in the bell end, utilizes a core section in forming the bell end and an adjacent groove forming arrangement in forming the inner circumferential groove. The groove forming arrangement comprises a plurality of core segments which cooperatively move in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bell forming core section between an expanded position to form the groove and a collapsed position for removing the ultimately formed bell end from the core and core segments. With the core segments in the collapsed or expanded position, an end section of a heat deformable pipe, heated to its deformable state, is contoured around the core section and core segments. Thereafter, the core segments, if initially collapsed, are moved to the expanded position.