Abstract: Waste streams from adipic acid manufacture containing nitric, succinic, glutaric and adipic acids and valuable catalytic metal as salts are treated with alcohols, thereby separating, as esters, succinic and glutaric acids which would contaminate pure adipic acid on recycling, and allowing the re-use of the resulting stream containing nitric acid and metal catalytic salts.

Abstract: Aliphatic alcohols, esters of such alcohols and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, mixtures of such alcohols and esters and mixtures of such alcohols and esters with aliphatic carboxylic acids are used as additives in the vulcanization of rubbers.

Abstract: Aqueous bleed streams containing soluble aliphatic dicarboxylic acids from the nitric acid oxidation of organic materials and production of dicarboxylic acids, are processed to neutralize or remove nitric acid and also catalysts, if desired, and are then reacted with polyfunctional amines to form polyamides useful in numerous commercial applications.

Abstract: An energy-conserving method for the manufacture of polyaminoamides is described which involves the reaction of a polycarboxylate ester with a mono and/or polyalkylene polyamine in the presence of 0 to about 5% by weight water by heating approximately stoichiometric proportions of the two reactants to the temperature at which the amidification reaction becomes self-sustaining, then utilizing the exothermic heat of reaction to sustain the reaction at a desired temperature. During the reaction, the heat of reaction is used to vaporize an alcohol reaction product and remove the alcohol from the reaction vessel and from further contact with the reaction vessel contents.

Abstract: Aliphatic alcohols, esters of such alcohols and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, mixtures of such alcohols and esters and mixtures of such alcohols and esters with aliphatic carboxylic acids are used as additives in the vulcanization of rubbers.

Abstract: Diphenyl phthalates are purified by crystallizing them from dipolar-aprotic solvents or solutions of solvents containing such solvents. The phthalate solutions are advantageously, but not necessarily, treated in a carbon column in hydrocarbon solvent without dipolar-aprotic solvents present to remove part of the color and impurities, and then dipolar-aprotic solvents are added to the solution before crystallization to aid in the final removal of color and impurities.