Abstract: A method for making a di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound that includes the steps of: (a) reacting a fluorenone compound according structure (I): with excess aminobenzene according to structure (II): wherein: each R1, R2, R3, R4, R12, and R13 is independently a group that is inert in the polymerization of epoxy compounds, and R11 is H or (C1-C6)alkyl, in the presence of an acid catalyst, in a liquid medium comprising an aromatic or substituted aromatic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 150° C. and from which the di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound is crystallizable, to form a crude product mixture comprising the di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound, (b) crystallizing di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound in the product mixture, and (c) separating the product mixture into crystallized di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound and a filtrate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for making a di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound that includes the steps of: (a) reacting a fluorenone compound according structure (I) with excess aminobenzene according to structure (II) wherein: each R1, R2, R3, R4, R12, and R13 is independently a group that is inert in the polymerization of epoxy compounds, and R11 is H or (C1-C6)alkyl, in the presence of an acid catalyst, in a liquid medium comprising an aromatic or substituted aromatic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 150° C. and in the presence of an acid catalyst, in a liquid medium comprising an aromatic or substituted aromatic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for making a di(aminoaryl)fluorene compound that includes the steps of: (a) reacting a fluorenone compound according structure (I) with excess aminobenzene according to structure (II) wherein: each R1, R2, R3, R4, R12, and R13 is independently a group that is inert in the polymerization each R1, of epoxy compounds, and R11 is H or (C1-C6)alkyl, in the presence of an acid catalyst, in a liquid medium comprising an aromatic or substituted aromatic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 150° C. and in the presence of an acid catalyst, in a liquid medium comprising an aromatic or substituted aromatic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organophosphonium derivative of the mean general formula (1), where n is a number comprised between 4 and 20, preferably between 5 and 10, m is a number between 0 and 10, preferably between 0 and 1, and Y is an anion. The invention also relates to a method for preparing same, and to a method for controlling the growth of bacterial biomass in an aqueous system, including adding to said aqueous system or contacting said aqueous system with an efficient amount of an uncoupling agent selected from an organophosphonium derivative as defined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a highly pure trifluoromethanesulphinic acid. The method of the invention for preparing a highly pure trifluoromethanesulphinic acid, starting from an aqueous mixture comprising a trifluoromethanesulphinic acid salt, a trifluoroacetic acid salt and saline impurities resulting from the method for preparing same, is characterized in that said mixture is subjected to the following operations: —acidification such that the trifluoroacetic acid salt and the triflinic acid salt are released in an acid form, —separation of the trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoromethanesulphinic acid by distillation enabling the trifluoroacetic acid to be recovered at the top of the distillation and the trifluoromethanesulphinic acid to be recovered at the bottom of the distillation, —separation by distillation of the trifluoromethanesulphinic acid present in the distillation residue previously obtained.

Abstract: The use of a phenolic compound for producing a modified polyamide having enhanced mechanical properties is described. A polyamide composition including at least such phenolic compound and optionally reinforcing or filler loads is also described. The composition is preferably a composition for molding, for example in the form of granules or powder, that can be used for the production of articles by injection-molding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a salt of trifluoromethanesulphinic acid termed “triflinic acid”. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a highly pure triflinic acid salt.

Abstract: The use of a phenolic compound for producing a modified polyamide having enhanced mechanical properties is described. A polyamide composition including at least such phenolic compound and optionally reinforcing or filler loads is also described. The composition is preferably a composition for molding, for example in the form of granules or powder, that can be used for the production of articles by injection-molding.

Abstract: Mixtures of three types of linear, branched or cyclic phosphates are useful flame retardants, especially for thermoplastic resins or as functional additives in polymer matrices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organophosphonium derivative of the mean general formula (1), where n is a number comprised between 4 and 20, preferably between 5 and 10, m is a number between 0 and 10, preferably between 0 and 1, and Y is an anion. The invention also relates to a method for preparing same, and to a method for controlling the growth of bacterial biomass in an aqueous system, including adding to said aqueous system or contacting said aqueous system with an efficient amount of an uncoupling agent selected from an organophosphonium derivative as defined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a highly pure trifluoromethanesulphinic acid. The method of the invention for preparing a highly pure trifluoromethanesulphinic acid, starting from an aqueous mixture comprising a trifluoromethanesulphinic acid salt, a trifluoroacetic acid salt and saline impurities resulting from the method for preparing same, is characterized in that said mixture is subjected to the following operations:- acidification such that the trifluoroacetic acid salt and the triflinic acid salt are released in an acid form,- separation of the trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoromethanesulphinic acid by distillation enabling the trifluoroacetic acid to be recovered at the top of the distillation and the trifluoromethanesulphinic acid to be recovered at the bottom of the distillation,- separation by distillation of the trifluoromethanesulphinic acid present in the distillation residue previously obtained.

Abstract: Mixtures of three types of linear, branched or cyclic phosphates are useful flame retardants, especially for thermoplastic resins or as functional additives in polymer matrices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a salt of trifluoromethanesulphinic acid termed “triflinic acid”. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a highly pure triflinic acid salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for aromatic nucleophilic substitution by contacting a substrate of formula (III) Ar-???(III) where Ar is an aromatic group where the nucleus carrying the group ? is electron-poor, either because it contains at least one heteroatom in its ring or because the sum of the Hammett constants, ?p, of its substituents, apart from said ?, is at least 0.2, and ? is a leaving group, with a composition containing at least one ionic compound whose cation is of general formula G: (R10)(R9)N—[C(R8)?C(R6)]?—C(R5)?N+(R1)(R2)??(G) wherein: ? is an integer from 0 to 4, inclusive; R1, R2, R5, R6 and R8, which are identical or different, are a hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group; and R9 and R10, which are identical or different, are a hydrocarbon group; or one or two of the substituents R1, R2, R5, R8, R9, and R10 are connected to other remaining substituent(s) to form one or two or more rings.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel catalysts for aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Said catalysts are compounds of the general formula (I), wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6, identical or different, are selected among hydrocarbon radicals; the Pn's, advantageously the same, are selected among metalloid elements of column V of a period higher than nitrogen; Z is a metalloid element of column V, advantageously distinct from Pn; preferably a nitrogen (N, P, As, Sb). The invention is applicable to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for producing nucleophilic substitutions, particularly of type SNAr and SN2. More specifically, the invention relates to the use as a fluorinating reaction medium of ionic liquid or fused salt comprising at least four carbon atoms. The invention can be used for the synthesis of fluoride derivatives.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel catalysts for aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Said catalysts are compounds of the general formula (I), wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6, identical or different, are selected among hydrocarbon radicals; the Pn's, advantageously the same, are selected among metalloid elements of column V of a period higher than nitrogen; Z is a metalloid element of column V, advantageously distinct from Pn; preferably a nitrogen (N, P, As, Sb). The invention is applicable to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel catalysts for aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Said catalysts are compounds of the general formula (I), wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6, identical or different, are selected among hydrocarbon radicals; the Pn's, advantageously the same, are selected among metalloid elements of column V of a period higher than nitrogen; Z is a metalloid element of column V, advantageously distinct from Pn; preferably a nitrogen (N, P, As, Sb).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for using a carbamoyl fluoride as fluorinating agent. Said method consists in treating a derivative bearing a halogen-containing carbon, with a carbamoyl fluoride at a temperature not less than 70 ° C. and in maintaining the ratio between the sum of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and carbamoyl fluoride as well as between the sum of exchangeable halogen atoms, isocyanate functions and carbamoyl fluoride [(HF+carbamoyl fluoride)/(exchangeable halogen+isocyanate+carbamoyl fluoride)] at a value not more than 1.2; then in carrying out a catalysis process with tin, antimony and/or titanium salt. The invention is applicable to synthesis of fluorinated derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for producing nucleophilic substitutions, particularly of type SNAr and SN2. More specifically, the invention relates to the use as a fluorinating reaction medium of ionic liquid or fused salt comprising at least four carbon atoms. The invention can be used for the synthesis of fluoride derivatives.