Abstract: It is provided a method, including: monitoring if a first cluster head of a first cluster of first communication devices has disappeared, wherein an apparatus performing the method has access to the first cluster enabling a device-to-device communication of the apparatus with at least one of the first communication devices; and, if it is monitored that the first cluster head has disappeared: detecting a second cluster head of a second cluster of second communication devices, wherein the second cluster head is different from the first cluster head, and the second cluster enables the device-to-device communication between at least two of the second communication devices; and requesting an access to the second cluster for the device-to-device communication.

Abstract: To reduce handover latency experienced by a user using a user equipment that is served for offloaded user data traffic by a first small cell, a handover between a first macro cell deploying the first small cell and a second macro cell deploying a second small cell is triggered when information indicating that the user equipment has associated with the second small cell not deployed by the first macro cell is received.

Abstract: A method comprises determining at a communication device for a set of beams provided by one or more access points if a respective beam satisfies a threshold. A set of beams comprises one or more communication beams and each access point provides a plurality of communication beams. In dependence on the determining, an indication is be transmitted to at least one access point.

Abstract: An example technique is provided for receiving, by a base station in a wireless network, a priority map that indicates a mapping of a first set of priority classes for one or more radio bearers provided between the base station and a relay user device and a second set of priority classes for one or more proximity services (ProSe) sidelink logical channels provided between the relay user device and a remote user device, and allocating (or scheduling), by the base station based on the priority map, wireless resources to the relay user device to transmit data to the remote user device for one or more of the ProSe sidelink logical channels.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and computer program products are disclosed for structuring Protocol Data Units (PDU). A method comprises: structuring a protocol data unit to include at least one special field in a header part of the protocol data unit and a padding part of the protocol data unit, wherein the at least one special field part indicates a length of the header part and wherein a length of the padding part is based at least on the indicated length of the header part; mapping the protocol data unit onto the trans port block scheduled for transmission between a source entity and a target entity, and transmitting the transport block from the source entity.

Abstract: A cluster of access points is determined for a terminal device for multi-connectivity, an access points in the cluster belonging either to a first subset or to a second subset; an access point in the first subset being configured by a first configuration configuring the access point to receive and forward one or more scheduled transport blocks from the terminal device and/or to the terminal device; and an access point in the second subset being configured by a second configuration configuring the access point to decide whether or not to receive and forward one or more scheduled transport blocks from the terminal device and/or to the terminal device and act accordingly.

Abstract: There is provided a method, including acquiring, by a first device, information indicating a type of radio signals to detect and a predetermined time interval for the detection to take place; detecting, by a first device, that radio signals of the indicated type are transmitted from a plurality of second devices during the predetermined time interval; and estimating the amount of the second devices in a geographically limited area based on the detection of the radio signals.

Abstract: There are provided measures for lawful interception and security based admission control for proximity service. Such measures could include detecting a requirement for control in relation to setting up or securing a connection of a proximity service between at least two devices, determining availability of at least one lawful interception and security agent capable of performing an operation relating to lawful interception and/or security in relation to the connection of the proximity service, and performing control in relation to setting up or securing the connection of the proximity service when availability of the at least one lawful interception and security agent is determined.

Abstract: A technique is provided for controlling sending, by a user device to a network node in a wireless network via spatial multiplexing during a first transmission time interval, a first instance of a first protocol data unit via a first transport block and a first instance of a second protocol data unit via a second transport block, controlling receiving a first data indicator associated with the first transport block that indicates that the first transport block was not received by the network node, and controlling sending, by the user device to the network node via spatial multiplexing during a second transmission time interval in response to receiving the first data indicator, at least a portion of a second instance of the first protocol data unit via a third transport block and at least a portion of a third instance of the first protocol data unit via a fourth transport block.

Abstract: A technique includes receiving, by a first user device from a base station, control information indicating an assignment of the first user device to a first scheduling request sub-pool of resources of one or more scheduling request sub-pools, and an assignment of the first user device to a first data sub-pool of resources of one or more data sub-pools, wherein the sub-pools assigned to the first user device allow a contention-based grant-free mode transmission from the first user device of both a data and a scheduling request at the same time via different resources, wherein for at least a plurality of user devices no two user devices are assigned to both a same data sub-pool and a same scheduling request sub-pool.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods in a communication system are provided. The solution includes communicating with a communication system as authentic and authorized user equipment; storing information on another user equipment and communicating with the communication system to authorize the access of another user equipment to the communication system.

Abstract: Handling of related identities may be valuable in communication systems. More particularly, in areas such as long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) proximity services (ProSe), it may be useful to provide for handling of ProSe device to device (D2D) related identities at the radio access network (RAN) level. A method can include deriving an initial layer one identifier corresponding to a target user equipment or group. The method can also include determining whether the initial layer one identifier collides with another layer one identifier corresponding to a different target user equipment or group. The method can further include communicating with the target user equipment or group based on the determination of whether the initial layer one identifier collides with another layer one identifier in use.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from differentiated quality of service management. For example, specific applications run on a user equipment in a 5G radio access network may benefit from the flexible differentiated quality of service management. A method includes determining a service flow setup, and mapping traffic through the service flow by a common convergence sublayer entity to at least one radio convergence sublayer entity. The method also includes controlling the traffic through the service flow.

Abstract: Resource allocation for direct terminal-to-terminal communication in a cellular system. There are provided measures for resource allocation for direct terminal-to-terminal communication in a cellular system, said measures exemplarily comprising configuration of common resources for supporting direct communication between terminals across a predefined registration area comprising one or more cells of a cellular system, and control of an allocation of common resources for enabling direct communication between terminals across the predefined registration area. Said measures may exemplarily be applied for establishing terminal-to-terminal communication in LTE or LTE-Advanced cellular networks.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) selects first and second radio resources from respective first and second pools of radio resources. In one example these are primarily allocated for contention-free and scheduling-based channel access, respectively. Content to duplicate in parallel communications is selected based at least on a characteristic of uplink data waiting to be sent (such as size) and/or on the selected first and second radio resources (such as timing difference between them). The UE transmits the selected content on each of the selected first and second radio resources. In the examples the content to duplicate was selected from among the uplink data to send and a scheduling request message. In various embodiments one of these transmissions indicates it's a duplicate, and the duplicated scheduling request message is transmitted on the first resource with the uplink data. These teachings are particularly useful for URLLC data.

Abstract: To reduce handover latency experienced by a user using a user equipment that is served for offloaded user data traffic by a first small cell, a handover between a first macro cell deploying the first small cell and a second macro cell deploying a second small cell is triggered when information indicating that the user equipment has associated with the second small cell not deployed by the first macro cell is received.

Abstract: An aspect is an apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: detect absence of a cell providing a given service; on the basis of the detection, carry out configuration to operate as an ad-hoc cell providing the given service, and in connection with the configuration, cause establishment of a backhaul connection for the given service.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising receiving, at a user device, control information usable for determining whether at least one uplink logical channel is to be transmitted using at least one of a first uplink transport channel and a second uplink transport channel, determining, in dependence on said information, a mapping between the at least one uplink logical channel and at least one of the first uplink transport channel and second uplink transport channel and causing the at least one uplink logical channel to be transmitted using the at least one uplink transport channel to which the at least one uplink logical channel is mapped.

Abstract: A method for device-to-device communication includes receiving, in a D2D-capable user terminal from a network apparatus, measurement configuration information regarding a D2D discovery resource usage status. The user terminal performs, based on the received measurement configuration information, a corresponding measurement to determine the usage status of D2D discovery resources. The user terminal transmits, to the network apparatus, a report on the measurement performed in the user terminal, the report indicating the usage status of D2D discovery resources, in order the network apparatus to be able to adjust D2D discovery resource allocation based on the report.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for communication are provided. The method includes storing a machine type communication channel access profile of user equipment configured to utilize machine type communication with a network when the equipment has not an active connection with the network. The access profile is based on active UE contexts including serving-cell contexts of the device on the last access occasion. The access profile is synchronized between the user equipment and the network.