Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC), including a functional circuit and a security system, is disclosed. The functional circuit generates a request packet for an indirect memory access of a memory. The security system validates the functional circuit based on a security attribute and a functional identifier of the functional circuit. Based on the request packet and the validation of the functional circuit, the security system identifies an instruction sequence associated with the indirect memory access. Further, the security system determines a type of the indirect memory access based on the instruction sequence, and validates the type of the indirect memory access based on the security attribute and the request packet. Based on the validation of the type of the indirect memory access, the instruction sequence is executed, thereby facilitating the indirect memory access for the functional circuit.

Abstract: Methods for detecting estradiol and metabolites thereof in a sample are provided. A plurality of particles, each of which is coated with a capture agent having an affinity for estradiol, is combined with the sample to form a plurality of estradiol-particle complexes. The system also includes a transport arrangement for transporting the sample and/or particles to the sensor surface, and optionally a magnetic field inducing structure constructed and arranged to establish a magnetic field at and adjacent to the sensor surface. The resonant sensor produces a signal corresponding to an amount of estradiol-particle complexes that are bound to the sensor surface.