Abstract: A system and method for dynamically updating a travel itinerary are described herein. The system 101 receives, user inputs for selecting items. The system 101 creates electronic carts based on the user inputs. Each electronic cart is associated with an unique identifier. Each electronic cart comprises items. The system 101 invokes, a rendering module for positioning the electronic carts on a GUI based on user defined time and date. The system 101 generates one or more events. Each event comprises items associated with electronic carts. The system 101 displays events on the GUI using the rendering module. The system 101 enables a user to perform a task selected from a group of tasks based on the unique identifiers associated with electronic carts. Further, the system 101 dynamically updates one or more items associated with the at least one electronic cart based on impact of the task.

Abstract: A system and method for dynamically updating a travel itinerary are described herein. The system 101 receives, user inputs for selecting items. The system 101 creates electronic carts based on the user inputs. Each electronic cart is associated with an unique identifier. Each electronic cart comprises items. The system 101 invokes, a rendering module for positioning the electronic carts on a GUI based on user defined time and date. The system 101 generates one or more events. Each event comprises items associated with electronic carts. The system 101 displays events on the GUI using the rendering module. The system 101 enables a user to perform a task selected from a group of tasks based on the unique identifiers associated with electronic carts. Further, the system 101 dynamically updates one or more items associated with the at least one electronic cart based on impact of the task.

Abstract: Information on a tier comprising given resources operationally connected to a set of remote radio heads and configured to process traffic to and from the remote radio heads is gathered and maintained (300). The usage of the tier resources on different connections and services is controlled (302). Communication (304) is maintained with respective apparatuses controlling other tiers regarding the use of resources of the tiers.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for designing a cloud based radio access network, C-RAN, are provided. The solution comprises dividing (302) the access network into two or more tiers having different processing capabilities; receiving as an input information about the physical location of one or more remote radio heads, RRH, of the network and required quality of service of the remote radio heads; and determining (306) the physical location of the tier, BBU, having most efficient processing capability for serving the remote radio heads on the basis of the information about the location and required quality of service of at least part of the one or more remote radio heads.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for managing interaction between a network operator and entities managing resources and instances in a virtual radio access network. A radio access network resource manager comprises a database mapping cells to resources and instances associated with the cells, and one or more interfaces between the network operator and the entities managing resources and instances. The radio access network manager mediates commands and information received from the network manager and from the entities managing resources and instances, translating cell-level commands and information from the network manager to commands and information relating to associated resources and entities, and translating resource and instance-level information and requests from the entities managing resources and instances to cell-level information and requests to the network operator.

Abstract: Information on a tier comprising given resources operationally connected to a set of remote radio heads and configured to process traffic to and from the remote radio heads is gathered and maintained (300). The usage of the tier resources on different connections and services is controlled (302). Communication (304) is maintained with respective apparatuses controlling other tiers regarding the use of resources of the tiers.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for designing a cloud based radio access network, C-RAN, are provided. The solution comprises dividing (302) the access network into two or more tiers having different processing capabilities; receiving as an input information about the physical location of one or more remote radio heads, RRH, of the network and required quality of service of the remote radio heads; and determining (306) the physical location of the tier, BBU, having most efficient processing capability for serving the remote radio heads on the basis of the information about the location and required quality of service of at least part of the one or more remote radio heads.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for managing interaction between a network operator and entities managing resources and instances in a virtual radio access network. A radio access network resource manager comprises a database mapping cells to resources and instances associated with the cells, and one or more interfaces between the network operator and the entities managing resources and instances. The radio access network manager mediates commands and information received from the network manager and from the entities managing resources and instances, translating cell-level commands and information from the network manager to commands and information relating to associated resources and entities, and translating resource and instance-level information and requests from the entities managing resources and instances to cell-level information and requests to the network operator.

Abstract: In a communication network (400), wireless access points (300) utilize one or more agents (302, 306) to support the operating needs of corresponding mobile stations. Pursuant to one approach, the agent supports translation of the mobile station's end-to-end protocol-based messages to Internet Protocol-based messages that are readily ported through an Internet Protocol-friendly communication system infrastructure that preferably eschews the use of network elements that rely upon unique and/or proprietary non-Internet Protocol interfaces. Pursuant to another approach the wireless access point is able to interact on a peer-to-peer basis with other wireless access points in order to facilitate, for example, handovers and other mobility management tasks.

Abstract: A wireless access point (102) detects an indicia of a change in wireless connectivity of a mobile station (101) with respect to itself and another wireless access point (103). The wireless access point then automatically effects at least one of establishing a communication between itself and the second wireless access point regarding the change in wireless connectivity and/or establishing a temporary data tunnel as between itself and the second wireless access point. These network elements can also act to automatically establish a data flow path for the mobile station as between the second wireless access point and a network element (such as a mobility management agent (105)) that is external to the common subnet. In a preferred approach this comprises, at least in part, automatically sending a registration request to the network element other than in response to a specific request from the mobile station to send such a registration request.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, computer program products, and software for reducing interference occurring when a capacity booster cell has a coverage area within the overlapping coverage areas of more than one coverage cell are disclosed. Essentially, weights are assigned, either by individual capacity booster cells or by zone controllers with which a plurality of capacity booster cells communicate, to coverage cells. The interfering coverage cells are ranked in accordance with the assigned weights, and the metrics to be reported to each of the interfering coverage cells are adjusted in view of the assigned weights. The adjusted metrics are then reported to each of the interfering coverage cells to influence the ABS muting pattern subsequently used by each of said interfering coverage cells.

Abstract: A wireless access point (300A, 300B, 300C) provides (101) a surrogate Internet Protocol address to use on behalf of a mobile station (401). That wireless access point then uses (102) that surrogate Internet Protocol address along with its own Internet Protocol address to facilitate establishing one or more data tunnels as necessary to support the communication needs of the mobile station.

Abstract: Mobile station information is exchanged between a plurality of distributed mobility agents (106, 108). The exchange is initiated by a mobility agent (106) associated with a last known network access point (110) that has communicated with the mobile station (114). The mobile station (114) is paged from at least one network access point using an available air interface technology to interface with the mobile station (114) and using the mobile station information. No centralized controller is used in the paging.

Abstract: A method for block scheduling of users is described. The method includes, in response to determining that a number of users in a wireless network exceed a threshold number, allotting the users into k block. The value of k is at least two. For each block, the method performs determining residual information for the block. The method also includes, for each block of the k blocks, loading into a fast-access memory user data for users in the block and scheduling the block in a scheduling period based at least in part on the user data and the residual information for k?1 other blocks. Apparatus and computer readable media are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, computer program products, and software for reducing interference occurring when a capacity booster cell has a coverage area within the overlapping coverage areas of more than one coverage cell are disclosed. Essentially, weights are assigned, either by individual capacity booster cells or by zone controllers with which a plurality of capacity booster cells communicate, to coverage cells. The interfering coverage cells are ranked in accordance with the assigned weights, and the metrics to be reported to each of the interfering coverage cells are adjusted in view of the assigned weights. The adjusted metrics are then reported to each of the interfering coverage cells to influence the ABS muting pattern subsequently used by each of said interfering coverage cells.

Abstract: An indication is received from the mobile station (114) indicating that the mobile station (114) is moving from an originating mobility agent (106) to a destination mobility agent (108). An identity of the destination mobility agent (108) is determined using the indication. Routing information is sent from the originating mobility agent (106) to the destination mobility agent (108) using the identity. Incoming data is routed to the mobile station (114) using the routing information.

Abstract: A wireless access point (200), upon determining (101) that a need exists to support a communication need of a mobile station, acquires (102) a first Internet Protocol (IP) address and automatically transmits (103) a gratuitous Address Resolution Protocol message to a local router to thereby cause the latter to correlate the first IP address to a Medium Access Control address for the wireless access point. In a preferred embodiment the wireless access point can also automatically transmit a registration request to a remote network element (such as a Home Agent) that presents this first IP address as a care-of address to use in conjunction with another IP address that serves as a home address for the mobile station.

Abstract: In the present technique of a communication system (100), an address of a forwarding agent (114) linked to a receiver node (112) is detected to provide a discovered address. The discovered address is then used to establish a direct route with the forwarding agent of the receiver node for subsequent communications between a sender node (104) and the receiver node.

Abstract: A method for authenticating a mobile node (102) in a communication network (100) is provided. The communication network includes at least one proxy server and a home server. The mobile node and the home server include a shared key. The shared key uniquely associates the mobile node with the home server. The method at the mobile node includes sending (204) a request for an Internet Protocol (IP) address to at least one proxy server. Further, the method includes receiving (206) a nonce in response to the request, from a proxy server of the at least one proxy server. The method also includes deriving (208) a session key, based on the nonce and the shared key. The session key authenticates the mobile node to initiate a secure communication session with the proxy server.

Abstract: In a communication network (400), wireless access points (300) utilize one or more agents (302, 306) to support the operating needs of corresponding mobile stations. Pursuant to one approach, the agent supports translation of the mobile station's end-to-end protocol-based messages to Internet Protocol-based messages that are readily ported through an Internet Protocol-friendly communication system infrastructure that preferably eschews the use of network elements that rely upon unique and/or proprietary non-Internet Protocol interfaces. Pursuant to another approach the wireless access point is able to interact on a peer-to-peer basis with other wireless access points in order to facilitate, for example, handovers and other mobility management tasks.