Abstract: Novel methods and compounds for treating Alzheimer's Disease are provided. In one aspect, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering certain phenothiazine derivatives. In one embodiment, the methods include administering an effective amount of a 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine derivative, or 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine. In another embodiment, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering an effective amount of a 3,7-diazetidin-1-yl-phenothiazine or a derivative thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides novel azetidinyl phenothiazine compounds.

Abstract: Novel methods and compounds for treating Alzheimer's Disease are provided. In one aspect, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering certain phenothiazine derivatives. In one embodiment, the methods include administering an effective amount of a 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine derivative, or 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine. In another embodiment, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering an effective amount of a 3,7-diazetidin-1-yl-phenothiazine or a derivative thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides novel azetidinyl phenothiazine compounds.

Abstract: Novel methods and compounds for treating Alzheimer's Disease are provided. In one aspect, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering certain phenothiazine derivatives. In one embodiment, the methods include administering an effective amount of a 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine derivative, or 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine. In another embodiment, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering an effective amount of a 3,7-diazetidin-1-yl-phenothiazine or a derivative thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides novel azetidinyl phenothiazine compounds.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Novel methods and compounds for treating Alzheimer's Disease are provided. In one aspect, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering certain phenothiazine derivatives. In one embodiment, the methods include administering an effective amount of a 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine derivative, or 3-oxo-7-dialkyl-amino-phenothiazine. In another embodiment, the invention provides methods for treating Alzheimer's Disease by administering an effective amount of a 3,7-diazetidin-1-yl-phenothiazine or a derivative thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides novel azetidinyl phenothiazine compounds.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and respiratory viruses including the common cold.

Abstract: Novel compounds, methods, and compositions for treating various viral infections are described. In some embodiments the novel compounds of the invention are 3-oxo-phenothiazine derivatives; more specific embodiments include 3-oxo-phenothiazine derivatives having substituents at the 1-, 7-, and 9-positions of the phenothiazine parent ring. In other embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating viral infections, especially HIV.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Novel compounds, methods, and compositions for treating various viral infections are described. In some embodiments the novel compounds of the invention are 3-oxo-phenothiazine derivatives; more specific embodiments include 3-oxo-phenothiazine derivatives having substituents at the 1-, 7-, and 9-positions of the phenothiazine parent ring. In other embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating viral infections, especially HIV.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and respiratory viruses including the common cold.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and software for identifying sets of genomic oligonucleotides that identify a viral family and for determining sets of probes and primers that can be used to identify members of viral families in a sample are provided. In one embodiment, the method of the present invention includes normalizing viral genomic oligonucleotide sequence data from at least one viral family, and identifying at least one oligonucleotide sequence that is unique to each viral family. An array of the identified oligonucleotide sequences is made. Primers provided by the present invention are used to amplify viral family genomic sequences in a biological sample of interest, and probes provided using the present invention, e.g., attached to an array or biochip, are then used to detect the presence of the corresponding virus(es) present in the sample by hybridization.

Abstract: Methods for producing substantially pure porcine reticulocyte lysate are provided. In one embodiment, the methods include inducing a reduction in the hematocrit of a pig to a level of between about 20% and about 25%; extracting at least a portion of blood from the pig; isolating a fraction of the blood containing substantially red blood cells; and preparing a porcine reticulocyte lysate preparation from the isolated fraction.

Abstract: Methods of preparing monoclonal antibodies that differentially bind to a single conformer of a protein of interest are described. Passive immunization using these antibodies as well as use of conformer-specific antibodies as diagnostic reagents for the purpose of stratification of patient populations with regards to disease outcome, drug efficacy or drug sensitivity is also disclosed as well as active immunization with the protein conformer. In the screening techniques, detection can be for example by tissue immunostaining, western blotting or solution IP. A specific mab termed 7VC which shows conformation specificity to CtmPrP, a prion protein conformer that triggers neurodegeneration under specific assay conditions of pH and copper concentration, is described. A second specific antibody termed 19B10 shows conformation specificity for NtmPrP, a prion protein conformer that downregulates total PrP expression and effects cell differentiation.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for identifying novel conformers of proteins not known to exist as different conformers. By using chimeric genes replacing a native signal sequence with a different signal sequence resulting in the production of a conformer, one can compare the native protein with the product of the chimeric gene. Where the conformations are different, the different protein may be used for production of antibodies, elucidation of mechanisms associated with the native and different conformer protein, assays for the presence of the different conformer in physiological samples, identification of compounds specifically binding to the conformer, particularly drugs, etc. Where the formation of the conformer is associated with a diseased state, the conformer may be used in screens to identify compounds as drug candidates.

Abstract: Provided are methods for diagnosing sporadic and familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (“ALS”) that detect conformers or conformer patterns of the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase-1 (“SOD-1”) enzyme that are common to sporadic or familial ALS individuals but distinct from SOD-1 conformers of normal individuals. Methods of identifying candidate drugs that modulate SOD-1 conformer formation also are provided.

Abstract: A cell-free method for translation and assembly of viral capsid and capsid intermediates is disclosed for use in deconstructing an unknown virus and for screening for compounds that inhibit assembly of viral capsids for the unknown virus.