Abstract: Methods and systems for fabricating a film, such as, for example, a photocathode, having a tailored band structure and thin-film components that can be tailored for specific applications, such as, for example photocathode having a high quantum efficiency, and simple components fabricated by those methods.

Abstract: Scintillators that can support up to 20 MHz count rates, which is significantly faster than the required 100K counts/second needed for single crystal diffractometers and methods for fabricating them.

Abstract: Systems that can overcome the limitations of current blood flow measurement systems and systems that can track in 3D the explosively driven fragments traveling at 1,000 m/s or faster, will provide temporal resolution of 1 ?s, spatial resolution of 50 ?m to 1 mm (or finer based on geometry), and allow imaging over at least 122×122 cm2 area are disclosed hereinbelow. These systems use a double-pulsed X-ray generator.

Abstract: Methods and systems for fabricating a film, such as, for example, a photocathode, having a tailored band structure and thin-film components that can be tailored for specific applications, such as, for example photocathode having a high quantum efficiency, and simple components fabricated by those methods.

Abstract: Large detection area, high spatial resolution, high dynamic range and low noise neutron detectors are disclosed. Curved detectors that minimize parallax errors and boundary regions without sacrificing its intrinsic resolution or the efficiency are also disclosed.

Abstract: Photonic band gap structures and related systems, devices and methods are provided.

Abstract: A dual-mode, hand-held, digital probe, designed to rapidly localize tissues of interest through gamma detection, and provide high-resolution, real-time images of the suspect area by sensing beta radiation is presented. A position-sensitive solid-state photomultiplier is optically bonded with a hybrid scintillator including a thin Crystalline Microcolumnar Structure (CMS) CsI:T1 scintillator, vapor-deposited directly onto a monolithic (polycrystalline) LYSO scintillator.

Abstract: An antireflective structure and a fabrication method thereof are disclosed. In one aspect, the antireflective structure includes a substrate, a buffer layer on the substrate, and an anticorrosion layer on the buffer layer, wherein the corrosion resistant layer comprises a densely packed cubic lattice structure. In one aspect, the fabrication method includes depositing a first buffer layer on a substrate in an e-beam deposition process, and depositing a first anticorrosion layer on the first buffer layer in an e-beam deposition process, wherein the substrate comprises sapphire, the first corrosion resistant layer comprises lutetia, and the first buffer layer comprise silicon carbide.

Abstract: Methods and systems for fabricating a film, such as, for example, a photocathode, having a tailored band structure and thin-film components that can be tailored for specific applications, such as, for example photocathode having a high quantum efficiency, and simple components fabricated by those methods.

Abstract: A dual-mode, hand-held, digital probe, designed to rapidly localize tissues of interest through gamma detection, and provide high-resolution, real-time images of the suspect area by sensing beta radiation is presented. A position-sensitive solid-state photomultiplier is optically bonded with a hybrid scintillator including a thin Crystalline Microcolumnar Structure (CMS) CsI:T1 scintillator, vapor-deposited directly onto a monolithic (polycrystalline) LYSO scintillator.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a neutron imaging detector and a method for detecting neutrons. In one example, a method includes providing a neutron imaging detector including plurality of memory cells and a conversion layer on the memory cells, setting one or more of the memory cells to a first charge state, positioning the neutron imaging detector in a neutron environment for a predetermined time period, and reading a state change at one of the memory cells, and measuring a charge state change at one of the plurality of memory cells from the first charge state to a second charge state less than the first charge state, where the charge state change indicates detection of neutrons at said one of the memory cells.

Abstract: Strontium halide scintillators, calcium halide scintillators, cerium halide scintillators, cesium barium halide scintillators, and related devices and methods are provided.

Abstract: A neutron detector and a method for fabricating a neutron detector. The neutron detector includes a photodetector, and a solid-state scintillator operatively coupled to the photodetector. In one aspect, the method for fabricating a neutron detector includes providing a photodetector, and depositing a solid-state scintillator on the photodetector to form a detector structure.

Abstract: A radiation sensor and a fabrication method thereof are described. In one aspect, the radiation sensor comprises a photo detector, a scintillator on the photo detector, and an adiabatic gradient-index photonic crystal nanostructure between the scintillator and the photo detector. In one instance, the adiabatic gradient-index photonic crystal nanostructure comprises an impedance matching nanostructure. In another instance, the adiabatic gradient-index photonic crystal nanostructure comprises a plurality of nanocones.

Abstract: Strontium halide scintillators, calcium halide scintillators, cerium halide scintillators, cesium barium halide scintillators, and related devices and methods are provided.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods and devices for increasing the light output of a scintillator. Using the methods of the present disclosure, a very high intensity electric field is applied to a scintillator exposed to ionizing radiation and provides light outputs that far exceeds those previously obtained in the art. The light output gains are very high, on the order of 10 to 100 times those obtained with prior methods, and will make it possible to achieve sufficient brightness to enable the use of a cathode ray tube or a field emission display in new devices. In the field of x-ray imaging, a bright scintillator will have tremendous potential in many important applications, such as computed tomography (CT), SPECT, diagnostic digital radiology, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides internal gain charge coupled devices (CCD) and CT scanners that incorporate an internal gain CCD. A combined positron emission tomography and CT scanner is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides internal gain charge coupled devices (CCD) and CT scanners that incorporate an internal gain CCD. A combined positron emission tomography and CT scanner is also provided.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an apparatus for an enhanced imaging sensor consisting of pixellated micro columnar scintillation film material for x-ray imaging comprising a scintillation substrate and a micro columnar scintillation film material in contact with the scintillation substrate. The micro columnar scintillation film material is formed from a doped scintillator material. According to the invention, the micro columnar scintillation film material is subdivided into arrays of optically independent pixels having interpixel gaps between the optically independent pixels. These optically independent pixels channel detectable light to a detector element thereby reducing optical crosstalk between the pixels providing for an X-ray converter capable of increasing efficiency without the associated loss of spatial resolution. The interpixel gaps are further filled with a dielectric and or reflective material to substantially reduce optical crosstalk and enhance light collection efficiency.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an apparatus for an enhanced imaging sensor consisting of pixellated micro columnar scintillation film material for x-ray imaging comprising a scintillation substrate and a micro columnar scintillation film material in contact with the scintillation substrate. The micro columnar scintillation film material is formed from a doped scintillator material. According to the invention, the micro columnar scintillation film material is subdivided into arrays of optically independent pixels having interpixel gaps between the optically independent pixels. These optically independent pixels channel detectable light to a detector element thereby reducing optical crosstalk between the pixels providing for an X-ray converter capable of increasing efficiency without the associated loss of spatial resolution. The interpixel gaps are further filled with a dielectric and or reflective material to substantially reduce optical crosstalk and enhance light collection efficiency.