Abstract: A cooling device configured to be mounted in close proximity to an electronic component that is to be cooled is provided. In one aspect, the device includes impingement channels and return channels for guiding a flow of cooling fluid towards and away from a cooled surface of the electronic component. The device also includes a heat exchanger and a pump, so that the flow cycle of a cooling fluid is fully confined within the device itself. The impingement channels, the return channels, and the heat exchanger are integrated in a common housing, which includes an inlet opening and an outlet opening for coupling the device to a refrigerant loop. The pump may be a micropump mounted directly on the housing and coupled to the inlet and outlet openings in the housing. A cooling system including the device and the refrigerant loop is also provided.

Abstract: An assembly including a carrier substrate and at least one group of interconnected integrated circuit modules mounted thereon is disclosed. The modules are provided with a connection for transmitting a clock signal through the group of interconnected modules. The modules are also provided with digital input ports and output ports and a logic circuit configured for identifying the position of the modules in the group on the basis of a count of the clock pulses, and on the basis of the logic state of the input and output ports. In one aspect, a method involves the transfer of a token in the form of one or more logic states, through the group of modules, from a first module to a last module, resulting in the identification of all modules in a progressive manner.

Abstract: A liquid cooling system for cooling an electronic device comprising a chip or a chip package comprising a chip is described. The liquid cooling system comprises an inlet plenum comprising a coolant feeding channel oriented substantially parallel with the plane of a main surface to be cooled of the chip and a plurality of inlet cooling channels fluidically connected to the coolant feeding channel and arranged vertically for impinging a liquid coolant directly on said main surface of the chip. The vertically oriented inlet cooling channels are substantially parallel to vertically oriented outlet cooling channels and are separated by a thermally isolating material. The liquid cooling system further comprises at least one cavity wherein a plurality of inlet and outlet cooling channels end. The cavity is arranged for allowing interaction between the liquid coolant and the main surface of the chip and thus comprises a heat transfer region.

Abstract: An assembly including a carrier substrate and at least one group of interconnected integrated circuit modules mounted thereon is disclosed. The modules are provided with a connection for transmitting a clock signal through the group of interconnected modules. The modules are also provided with digital input ports and output ports and a logic circuit configured for identifying the position of the modules in the group on the basis of a count of the clock pulses, and on the basis of the logic state of the input and output ports. In one aspect, a method involves the transfer of a token in the form of one or more logic states, through the group of modules, from a first module to a last module, resulting in the identification of all modules in a progressive manner.

Abstract: A liquid cooling system for cooling an electronic device comprising a chip or a chip package comprising a chip is described. The liquid cooling system comprises an inlet plenum comprising a coolant feeding channel oriented substantially parallel with the plane of a main surface to be cooled of the chip and a plurality of inlet cooling channels fluidically connected to the coolant feeding channel and arranged vertically for impinging a liquid coolant directly on said main surface of the chip. The vertically oriented inlet cooling channels are substantially parallel to vertically oriented outlet cooling channels and are separated by a thermally isolating material. The liquid cooling system further comprises at least one cavity wherein a plurality of inlet and outlet cooling channels end. The cavity is arranged for allowing interaction between the liquid coolant and the main surface of the chip and thus comprises a heat transfer region.

Abstract: A method for determining the topography of a static surface (305) of an object (301) comprises the steps of: (a) selecting a region (301a) on the static surface (305) of the object (301); (b) directing an incident monochromatic electromagnetic wave (302) onto the region (301a) while the surface (305) and the incident monochromatic electromagnetic wave (302) are moved relative to one another, the incident monochromatic electromagnetic wave (302) being characterised by a frequency f0, an amplitude A0 and a propagation direction, the direction of movement (304) being substantially not parallel to the propagation direction of the incident monochromatic electromagnetic wave (302), wherein the surface (305) reflects the incident monochromatic electromagnetic wave (302) thus generating a reflected monochromatic electromagnetic wave (303), the movement (304) being characterized by a movement frequency (F) and a movement amplitude (A); (c) determining properties of the monochromatic electromagnetic wave (303) reflecte

Abstract: A lens (300, 500) is disclosed for steering the exit direction (?) of an incident electromagnetic wave. The lens comprises a main body (210, 510) of a ferroelectric material with a first main surface (207, 507) and a first transformer (220, 222). The electromagnetic wave enters and exits the lens through the transformer, and the lens comprises means (370, 380) for creating a DC-field in a first direction in the main body. The main body (210, 510) of ferroelectric material comprises a plurality (21011-210NN, 51011-510NN) of slabs of the ferroelectric material, each slab also comprising a first (403, 603) and a second electrode of a conducting material. The means for creating a DC-field can create a gradient DC-field in the first direction using the first and second electrodes, so that the dielectric constant in the main body will also be a gradient in the first direction, thus enabling steering of the existing electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: A lens (300, 500) is disclosed for steering the exit direction (?) of an incident electromagnetic wave. The lens comprises a main body (210, 510) of a ferroelectric material with a first main surface (207, 507) and a first transformer (220, 222). The electromagnetic wave enters and exits the lens through the transformer, and the lens comprises means (370, 380) for creating a DC-field in a first direction in the main body. The main body (210, 510) of ferroelectric material comprises a plurality (21011-210NN, 51011-510NN) of slabs of the ferroelectric material, each slab also comprising a first (403, 603) and a second electrode of a conducting material. The means for creating a DC-field can create a gradient DC-field in the first direction using the first and second electrodes, so that the dielectric constant in the main body will also be a gradient in the first direction, thus enabling steering of the existing electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: A microwave filter is disclosed, which filters only a signal of a desired band in a radio communication system. The microwave filter includes a plurality of feed lines and resonators on an upper portion of a substrate, and a ground surface below the substrate. Each of the resonators includes coupled meander lines, the meander lines having three or more sections. The resonators are arranged in such a manner that the adjacent resonators are symmetrical to each other. The feed lines are formed at one side of the resonators at both edges, and are coupled spaced apart from the resonators in parallel to the resonators. Thus, the microwave filter can be fabricated at a small size because the meander-lined resonators have a small size. The microwave filter also has excellent transmission characteristics such as pseudo-elliptic characteristics.