Abstract: A novel peptidoglycan compositions are offered for inhibition of apoptosis of hematopoietic cells. The active ingredient is N-acetyl-glucosamine-N-muramyl L-alanine-D-isoglutamine-meso-diaminopimelyl-D-alanine (GMTP). Its cytoprotective effect allows to treat leucopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.

Abstract: The invention relates to the new compositions comprising probiotic glucoproteins and isolated soy proteins for lowering upregulated gamma glutamyl transpeptidase humans or domestic animals. Their synergetic effects with N-acetyl glucosamine is disclosed.

Abstract: New compositions and methods for treating patients suffering from hepatitis-C, AIDS, aberrant apoptosis which include N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl(&bgr;-1-4)-N-Acetyl-muramyl-L-ananyl-D-isoglutamine (GMDP) of at least 98% purity and provided either alone, as an active ingredient of blastolysine, or in combination with an aminosugar such as N-acetyl-glucosamine(NAG). The high purity GMDP has a decreased amount immunogenic impurities and demonstrates cell protection as opposed to solely immunostimulatory effects, while a synergistic cell protective effect is exhibited when GMDP in combined with NAG. The new compositions modulate FasL mediated apoptosis while simultaneously stimulating TNF-&agr; production and further selectively inhibiting TNF-&agr; receptor p55 (TNFR1), providing a treatment for patients suffering from hepatitis-C, AIDS or aberrant apoptosis.

Abstract: New compositions and methods for treating patients suffering from hepatitis-C, AIDS, aberrant apoptosis which include N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl(&bgr;-1-4)-N-Acetyl-muramyl-L-ananyl-D-isoglutamine (GMDP) of at least 98% purity and provided either alone, as an active ingredient of blastolysine, or in combination with an aminosugar such as N-acetyl-glucosamine(NAG). The high purity GMDP has a decreased amount immunogenic impurities and demonstrates cell protection as opposed to solely immunostimulatory effects, while a synergistic cell protective effect is exhibited when GMDP in combined with NAG. The new compositions modulate FasL mediated apoptosis while simultaneously stimulating TNF-&agr; production and further selectively inhibiting TNF-&agr; receptor p55 (TNFR1), providing a treatment for patients suffering from hepatitis-C, AIDS or aberrant apoptosis.

Abstract: The pleiotropic effects of TNF alfa in a wide variety of mammalian cell types is decreased and treated by administering glucosaminylmuramyl peptides with D-amino acid residue in a second or third position from the proximal end. New methods for nonspecific oral, vaginal, and topic inhibition is proposed. Inhibition of cytotoxicity of TNF alfa is also achieved.