Abstract: An air-operated reversible percussive action machine comprises a housing (1) accommodating a reciprocating hammer (2). Secured inside the housing (1) is a stepped tube (5). The step of larger diameter of the tube (5) is received by a cavity (4) of the hammer (2) and has a port (12) for distributing air flow and feeding it to the interior of the housing (1). The tube (5) receives a sleeve (14) having a port (15) alternately communicable with the port (12) of the tube (5) in one of its two positions. One end face of the tube (5) has a projection (13) in the form of a sector of a circle, whereas the sleeve (14) is provided with a radial projection (16) so that in turning the sleeve (14) its projection (16) bears on one of the side walls of the projection (13) of the sleeve (5) thus assuming one of the two positions.

Abstract: A reversible percussive action machine includes a housing accommodating a mmer capable of reciprocating motions under the action of a working fluid under pressure, and a valving member with grooves movably connected to the hammer and provided with members for fixing it relative to the housing in two distribution control positions, particularly one that makes the machine move forward and one that ensures the return travel of the machine. The members for fixing the valving member in a position for the forward travel of the machine is fashioned as an insert movable relative to the valving member and having projections received by the grooves of the valving member. The insert is enclosed by a shell with ports, this shell being secured between the housing and the valving member to be capable of axial displacement.

Abstract: A reversible percussive action machine comprises a housing which accommods a hammer capable of reciprocating motions under the action of a pressurized fluid, and a fluid valving member for controlling the distribution of fluid with parts for fixing it in two fluid control positions to assure either the forward or rearward percussive action of the machine. To fix the fluid valving member to provide for the forward percussive action of the machine, a spring-loaded insert which is movably secured relative to the valving member and engageable with a stop made in the housing is used. To fix the fluid valving member in a position to provide for the rearward percussive action of the machine, a stop made on the inside wall of the housing and a stop made in the valving member to engage with the stop of the housing is used. The insert is fashioned as a cup accommodating an element imparting a spring action on the cup relative to the fluid valving member.

Abstract: A machine for driving holes in the ground comprises a cylindrical housing, hammer disposed inside the housing, and an air distribution mechanism. Longitudinal recesses and projections are provided on a portion of the outer surface of the housing at its head end section. The diameter of the cylindrical part of the housing is greater than the diameter of a circle described about the bottoms of the recesses and smaller than the diameter of a circle described about the tops of the projections.