Abstract: An illumination system, comprising a radiation source and a luminescent material comprising a phosphor capable of absorbing a part of light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of a wavelength different from that of the absorbed light; wherein said phosphor is a europium-activated oxonitridoalumosilicate of general formula AE1?y?zLnySi3-xAlx?aBa O1+x?yN4?x+y:Euz, wherein AE is an alkaline earth metal selected from the group of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg and Zn; Ln is a lanthanide metal selected from the group of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y; B is a trivalent metal selected from the group of boron, gallium and scandium and a 0?a<2, 0?x<2, 0?y?1, 0.001<z?0.1 provides white or colored illumination with high efficacy.

Abstract: An Illumination system comprising a radiation source and a monolithic ceramic luminescence converter comprising at least one phosphor capable of absorbing a part of the light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of a wavelength different from that of the absorbed light, wherein said at least one phosphor is an europium(II)-activated oxonitridosilicate of the general formula (Sr1-a-b-c-d-e-fCabBacMgdZneCef)Six-gGegNyOz:Eua, wherein 0.001<a<0.2, 0.0<b<1.0, 0.0<c<0.5, 0.0 <d<0.25, 0.0<e<0.25, 0.0<f<0.2, 0.0<g<1.0, 1.5<x<2.5, 1.5<y<2.5 and 1.5<z<2.5.

Abstract: An Illumination system comprising a radiation source and a monolithic ceramic luminescence converter comprising at least one phosphor capable of absorbing a part of the light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of a wavelength different from that of the absorbed light, wherein said at least one phosphor is an europium(II)-activated oxonitridosilicate of the general formula (Sr1-a-b-c-d-e-fCabBacMgdZneCef)Six-gGegNyOz:Eua, wherein 0.001<a<0.2, 0.0<b<1.0, 0.0<c<0.5, 0.0<d<0.25, 0.0<e<0.25, 0.0<f<0.2, 0.0<g<1.0, 1.5<x<2.5, 1.5<y<2.5 and 1.5<z<2.5.

Abstract: An illumination system, comprising a radiation source and a luminescent material comprising a phosphor capable of absorbing a part of light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of a wavelength different from that of the absorbed light; wherein said phosphor is a europium-activated oxonitridoalumosilicate of general formula AE1?y?zLnySi3-xAlx?aBa O1+x?yN4?x+y:Euz, wherein AE is an alkaline earth metal selected from the group of Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg and Zn; Ln is a lanthanide metal selected from the group of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y; B is a trivalent metal selected from the group of boron, gallium and scandium and a 0?a<2, 0?x<2, 0?y?1, 0.001<z?0.1 provides white or colored illumination with high efficacy.

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure and a control apparatus for the control of a drivetrain, which comprises at least one automatic clutch, at least one automatic shifting transmission, one control apparatus for the control of the at least one automatic clutch and of at least one automatic shifting transmission as well as at least two transmission idling positions in the drivetrain. In order to avoid dangerous situations, which could arise from an improper automatic input of a neutral position of a transmission and a thereto connected automatic closure of the clutch. The proposal is, that the control apparatus, by way of the shifting of an automatized shifting transmission into a neutral position, to at least two transmission idling positions, the neutral position is put into action.

Abstract: A method for the control and regulation of a transmission brake in an automatic transmission with a countershaft. The transmission brake arrests a transmission input shaft or a countershaft during an upshifting procedure. The speed of rotation (1) of these shafts at the engagement point in time corresponds to the synchronous speed of rotation already established by the transmission output speed of rotation and the ratio of the selected gear stage or approaches this value up to a predetermined tolerance of deviation. The disengagement point in time for the transmission brake is calculated with the aid of the brake rate of change of the countershaft, i.e., the transmission input speed of rotation as well as with the rate of change of the transmission output shaft speed of rotation. The transmission brake is further provided with disengagement, given consideration of lead time, before the calculated disengagement point in time.

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure and a control apparatus for the control of a drivetrain, which comprises at least one automatic clutch, at least one automatic shifting transmission, one control apparatus for the control of the at least one automatic clutch and of at least one automatic shifting transmission as well as at least two transmission idling positions in the drivetrain. In order to avoid dangerous situations, which could arise from an improper automatic input of a neutral position of a transmission and a thereto connected automatic closure of the clutch. The proposal is, that the control apparatus, by way of the shifting of an automatized shifting transmission into a neutral position, to at least two transmission idling positions, the neutral position is put into action.

Abstract: A method for controlling and regulating a transmission brake of an automatic transmission designed as a gear reduction unit in which the rotation speed of a countershaft of the gearbox can be decelerated in an upshift such that it corresponds to the synchronized rotation speed or comes close to it up to a predetermined distance during an upshift operation. The brake gradient of the countershaft rotation speed or the gear input rotation speed as well as the gear output shaft rotation speed is taken into consideration for the control and regulation of the gearbox brake. The gradient of the gear output shaft rotation speed is analyzed to control and regulate operation of the bearbox brake to improve the upshift, operations.

Abstract: A method for the control and regulation of a transmission brake in an automatic transmission with a countershaft. The transmission brake arrests a transmission input shaft or a countershaft during an upshifting procedure. The speed of rotation (1) of these shafts at the engagement point in time corresponds to the synchronous speed of rotation already established by the transmission output speed of rotation and the ratio of the selected gear stage or approaches this value up to a predetermined tolerance of deviation. The disengagement point in time for the transmission brake is calculated with the aid of the brake rate of change of the countershaft, i.e., the transmission input speed of rotation as well as with the rate of change of the transmission output shaft speed of rotation. The transmission brake is further provided with disengagement, given consideration of lead time, before the calculated disengagement point in time.

Abstract: A method for controlling and regulating a transmission brake of an automatic transmission designed as a gear reduction unit in which the rotation speed of a countershaft of the gearbox can be decelerated in an upshift such that it corresponds to the synchronized rotation speed or comes close to it up to a predetermined distance during an upshift operation. The brake gradient of the countershaft rotation speed or the gear input rotation speed as well as the gear output shaft rotation speed is taken into consideration for the control and regulation of the gearbox brake. To improve the upshifts, operations it is provided that for the control and the regulation of the gearbox brake, in addition, the gradient of the gear output shaft rotation speed is analyzed.

Abstract: A procedure for controlling an automatic transmission. Via a gear range shifter, a change of gear range both between the forward travel gear range and the reverse travel gear range as well as also between a fast gear mode and a creeper gear mode can be carried out. A control apparatus selects a transmission gear to be engaged, with consideration given to data, which has been input by an operator with the aid of a gear range shifter for the manual choice of a driving gear area. The gear range shifter possesses a D-shifting position for selecting a forward travel gear range, an N-position for the selection of an idle running position of the automatic transmission and an R-position for the selection of a reverse travel gear range, and that the automatic transmission can be driven in a fast gear mode as well as in a creeper gear mode.

Abstract: An electrical resistance temperature sensor (11) contained in a stainless steel, tubular jacket (12), which has a very small diameter of approximately 1 mm, a platinum resistance coil (18) running between two joining bolts (14, 19). The resistance coil with a positive temperature characteristic of the resistance is placed in an embedding medium (17), which comprises a mixture of magnesium oxide or aluminium oxide and cerium dioxide.For use as an integrating temperature sensor for a catalytic converter, said adequately flexible temperature sensor can be wound into a roll of smooth and corrugated metal sheets and fixed by soldering in vacuo.

Abstract: The extensometer comprises a basic body (18) which carries two tap legs (12) which abut a specimen (16) to be measured so as to be frictionally locked thereto. Due to the frictional contact, the tap legs (12) move relative to each other when the specimen is subjected to external stresses. Via a signal transmitter (24), this movement of the tap legs (12) is detected. The extensometer (10) is floatingly supported by introducing gas in the clearance between a baffle body (36) connected to the extensometer (10) and a stationary support member (28) toward the baffle body (36). On the one hand, the upbuilding gas cushion presses the extensometer (10) with its tap legs (12) against the specimen (16) so as to be frictionally locked thereto and, on the other hand, permits pivoting of the extensometer (10) corresponding to the movement of the measuring points.

Abstract: On a testing or processing machine the axis of a second bracket is to be ctly aligned relative to the axis of a first bracket. For this purpose a laser is mounted on the first bracket which directs a beam onto the reflector surface of a disc mounted on the second bracket. The reflected beam produces a dot of light on the perforated disc, which is arranged about the exit aperture of the light source. By adjusting the second bracket the dot of light is directed onto the aperture. Once this is done the two brackets are in exact alignment. To align brackets arranged at an angle to each other a beam deflecting device can be arranged in the path of the beam. All the auxiliary devices needed for measurement can likewise be exactly adjusted in accordance with the method.

Abstract: A strain gauge pick-up for the measurement of a test piece. This pick-up ludes two tapping points mounted on a pair of rigid elbow members. The elbow members are spaced a predetermined distance apart, and their spacing varies as the tapping points are applied to the test piece. The elbow members are attached to the deflection plate which flexes as the spacing between the elbow members changes. A wire strain gauge is positioned on the deflection plate and senses the flexing motion. Several pick-ups can be integrated so that their tapping points are substantially colinear.