Abstract: In a method of absorbing CO2 from a gas mixture the use of an absorption medium comprising water and at least one amine of formula (I) where R1 is a —(CH2)n—(XCH2CH2)m—Y—R3 radical where R3=hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, X and Y are each, independently of one another, NR3, oxygen, SO or SO2, where in the case of Y?SO and in the case of Y?SO2, R3 is not hydrogen, and Y—R3 can be an N-morpholinyl radical or an N-piperazyl radical, n=2 to 4, m=0 to 4 and R2 is hydrogen, an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a radical R1, where m is not 0 when R2 is not a radical R1, Y?NR3 and Y—R3 is not an N-morpholinyl radical and not an N-piperazyl radical, makes it possible to avoid precipitation of a solid during the absorption of CO2 and a separation into two liquid phases during the regeneration of the absorption medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-stage method for preparing alkali metal salts of specific 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylic esters of the formula (I), in which M and R1 are as defined in the description, which proceeds from malonic ester and does not require isolation of intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-stage method for preparing alkali metal salts of specific 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylic esters of the formula (I), in which M and R1 are as defined in the description, which proceeds from malonic ester and does not require isolation of intermediates.

Abstract: In a method of absorbing CO2 from a gas mixture the use of an absorption medium comprising water and at least one amine of formula (I) where R1 is a —(CH2)n—(XCH2CH2)m—Y—R3 radical where R3=hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, X and Y are each, independently of one another, NR3, oxygen, SO or SO2, where in the case of Y?SO and in the case of Y?SO2, R3 is not hydrogen, and Y—R3 can be an N-morpholinyl radical or an N-piperazyl radical, n=2 to 4, m=0 to 4 and R2 is hydrogen, an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a radical R1, where m is not 0 when R2 is not a radical R1, Y?NR3 and Y—R3 is not an N-morpholinyl radical and not an N-piperazyl radical, makes it possible to avoid precipitation of a solid during the absorption of CO2 and a separation into two liquid phases during the regeneration of the absorption medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 1,2-pentanediol by reacting furfuryl alcohol with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system contains platinum oxide or contains ruthenium supported on aluminum oxide or activated carbon. The invention also relates to the respective catalysts and processes for producing the catalyst system.

Abstract: CO2 is absorbed from a gas mixture by contacting the gas mixture with an absorption medium which comprises at least water as solvent and at least one amine of formula (I) where R1 is an aliphatic radical, having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and at least one amino group, and R2 is hydrogen, a C1-4 alkyl radical or a radical R1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing substituted or unsubstituted 1,7-diolefins by hydrodimerizing non-cyclic olefins having at least two conjugated double bonds in the presence of a reducing agent and of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst used is a metal-carbene complex.

Abstract: CO2 is absorbed from a gas mixture by contacting the gas mixture with an absorption medium which comprises at least water as solvent and at least one amine of formula (I) where R1 is an aliphatic radical, having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and at least one amino group, and R2 is hydrogen, a C1-4 alkyl radical or a radical R1.

Abstract: 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine is prepared by reacting 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-one with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of nickel and/or cobalt catalyst and water. The main reaction is carried out at a pressure of at most 50 bar and a temperature of at most 120° C. up to a conversion of the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-one of at least 80%. Then, an after-reaction takes place at a higher temperature and at a higher pressure compared to the pressure and temperature of the main reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an alcoholic solution of an alkali metal alkoxide from alkali metal hydroxide and alcohol in a reaction column, the alcohol and the alkali metal hydroxide being conducted in countercurrent, which is characterized in that a reflux ratio of at least 0.05 is established in the reaction column.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing substituted or unsubstituted 1,7-diolefins by hydrodimerizing non-cyclic olefins having at least two conjugated double bonds in the presence of a reducing agent and of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst used is a metal-carbene complex.

Abstract: 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine is prepared by reacting 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-one with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of nickel and/or cobalt catalyst and water. The main reaction is carried out at a pressure of at most 50 bar and a temperature of at most 120° C. up to a conversion of the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-one of at least 80%. Then, an after-reaction takes place at a higher temperature and at a higher pressure compared to the pressure and temperature of the main reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an alcoholic solution of an alkali metal alkoxide from alkali metal hydroxide and alcohol in a reaction column, the alcohol and the alkali metal hydroxide being conducted in countercurrent, which is characterized in that a reflux ratio of at least is established in the reaction column.

Abstract: A process for preparing diols or triols made up of a1) reacting at least one monoolefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms with hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of water to form a mixture or a2) reacting at least one monoolefin alcohol having 4 to 20 carbon atoms first with formic acid, and then reacting the product formed thereby with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of water to form a mixture, b) removing, by distillation, the water and formic acid from the mixture obtained in a1) or a2), c) reacting the mixture obtained from b) with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a sulfonic acid to form the diol or triol and at least one formic ester by-product, and d) optionally removing, by distillation, the at least one formic ester by-product formed together with any residual at least one aliphatic C1-C4-alcohol to isolate the diol or triol.

Abstract: A process for isolating purified 2-methoxypropene from a mixture which comprises 2,2-dimethoxypropane, 2-methoxypropene, methanol, acetone, and optionally other carbonyl group-containing compounds, which process involves subjecting the mixture to distillation, adding 2-aminoethanol and at least one base as assistants in the distillation, and isolating purified 2-methoxypropene.

Abstract: A process for preparing diols or triols made up of a1) reacting at least one monoolefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms with hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of water to form a mixture or a2) reacting at least one monoolefin alcohol having 4 to 20 carbon atoms first with formic acid, and then reacting the product formed thereby with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of water to form a mixture, b) removing, by distillation, the water and formic acid from the mixture obtained in a1) or a2), c) reacting the mixture obtained from b) with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a sulfonic acid to form the diol or triol and at least one formic ester by-product, and d) optionally removing, by distillation, the at least one formic ester by-product formed together with any residual at least one aliphatic C1-C4-alcohol to isolate the diol or triol.

Abstract: A process for isolating purified 2-methoxypropene from a mixture which comprises 2,2-dimethoxypropane, 2-methoxypropene, methanol, acetone, and optionally other carbonyl group-containing compounds, which process involves subjecting the mixture to distillation, adding 2-aminoethanol and at least one base as assistants in the distillation, and isolating purified 2-methoxypropene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of cleaving lactones optionally having functional groups to give carboxylic acids, where the corresponding lactone is reacted with hydrogen with catalysis by a compound of a metal of group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements which has been modified with organophosphines. The process is preferably carried out in a two-phase system using catalysts which have water-soluble phosphine ligands. The reaction is particularly suitable for cleavage 2-ethylidene-6-hepten-5-olide to give ethylidene-6-heptenecarboxylic acid or isomers thereof. This carboxylic acid can be hydrogenated in a manner known per se to give 2-ethylheptanoic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of cleaving lactones optionally having functional groups to give carboxylic acids, where the corresponding lactone is reacted with hydrogen with catalysis by a compound of a metal of group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements which has been modified with organophosphines. The process is preferably carried out in a two-phase system using catalysts which have water-soluble phosphine ligands.