Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cell stack (10) for an electrochemical reactor (11), comprising: —a first membrane-electrode assembly (12), a first anode plate (21) having ridges (30), between which ridges channels (31) for conducting fuel (32) and coolant (33) are formed, and—a second anode plate (22) having ridges (30), between which ridges channels (31) for conducting fuel (32) and coolant (33) are formed; wherein the first membrane-electrode assembly (12) is disposed between the first anode plate (21) and the second anode plate (22) in a stacking direction (36) of the fuel cell stack (10) and wherein the ridges (30) each have a ridge outer face (35) spaced apart from the channels (31), and wherein ridge outer faces (35) of the first anode plate (21) and of the second anode plate (22) which face each other are disposed one over the other in the stacking direction (36) in pairs, and ridge outer faces (35) of the first anode plate (21) and the second anode plate (22) which face away from each other a

Abstract: A radar device having a plurality of transmit devices and a plurality of receive devices. The transmit devices and receive devices are configured in an array having horizontal rows and vertical columns. The radar device includes a control device that is designed to determine, for an arbitrary first transmit device, a phase offset to the corresponding second transmit device, using a first radar signal that corresponds to a first radar wave sent out by the first transmit device and received by the assigned first receive device and a second radar signal that corresponds to a second radar wave sent out by the second transmit device and received by the assigned second receive device.

Abstract: A radar sensor device in a motor vehicle, in particular in a car, is provided, the radar sensor device including a plurality of antenna elements which are situated at least partially at different heights, in which the antenna elements are situated at least partially at different distances from a plane which runs perpendicularly to the moving direction of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A radar device having a plurality of transmit devices and a plurality of receive devices. The transmit devices and receive devices are configured in an array having horizontal rows and vertical columns. The radar device includes a control device that is designed to determine, for an arbitrary first transmit device, a phase offset to the corresponding second transmit device, using a first radar signal that corresponds to a first radar wave sent out by the first transmit device and received by the assigned first receive device and a second radar signal that corresponds to a second radar wave sent out by the second transmit device and received by the assigned second receive device.

Abstract: A radar sensor includes one transmitting antenna, multiple first receiving antennas with the same vertical heights, and a second receiving antenna with a vertical height different from the others. A method for determining the azimuth angle of an object with respect to the radar sensor includes steps of determining an approximation for the azimuth angle in a coarse grid based on the signals of all receiving antennas, and determining the azimuth angle in a fine grid based on the signals of the first receiving antennas in a range around the approximation.

Abstract: A method for determining a degree of blindness of a radar sensor in a motor vehicle on the basis of a measurement of the receive power level of a radar echo, including the following steps that are carried out when at least one object is located by the radar sensor: determining an expected value for the radar scatter cross-section of the object on the basis of known properties of objects to be located; estimating the radar scatter cross-section of the located object on the basis of the measured receive power level; and calculating an indicator for the degree of blindness of the radar sensor as a monotonically increasing function of the difference between the estimated radar scatter cross-section and the expected value.

Abstract: A radar sensor device in a motor vehicle, in particular in a car, is provided, the radar sensor device including a plurality of antenna elements which are situated at least partially at different heights, in which the antenna elements are situated at least partially at different distances from a plane which runs perpendicularly to the moving direction of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A therapy appliance, in particular for use for administering medicaments by nasal inhalation, includes a ventilation tube, on the input side of which is attached an aerosol generator connected to a medicament container, which aerosol generator is connected to a control unit. The ventilation tube is attached at the end to a nasal applicator.

Abstract: A method for a radar sensor for a motor vehicle, for angle estimation of radar targets based on an antenna diagram that indicates, for various configurations of radar targets, pertinent amplitudes and/or phase correlations between signals which are obtained for the relevant configuration in multiple evaluation channels of the radar sensor, wherein for a single real target, the occurrence of a number n of apparent targets, which are caused by reflection of the signal coming from the real target from elongated objects, is modeled mathematically; a correlation between the location angle of the real target and the location angles of the apparent targets is calculated; and to estimate the location angle of the real target, a multi-target estimate is performed in an n-dimensional search space and the search is limited to a sub-space that is determined by the calculated correlation.

Abstract: A method for identifying an elevation misalignment angle of a radar sensor of a vehicle, including: identifying elevation angles of radar object localizations with reference to a coordinate system of the radar sensor, an elevation angle of a radar object localization being respectively identified based on radar echoes that are obtained with at least two antenna directional characteristics that differ in an elevation direction; and identifying an elevation misalignment angle based on an occurrence frequency distribution of the elevation angles of at least some of the radar object localizations; and a radar sensor for vehicles having an evaluation device embodied to carry out the method.

Abstract: A method for determining a degree of blindness of a radar sensor in a motor vehicle on the basis of a measurement of the receive power level of a radar echo, including the following steps that are carried out when at least one object is located by the radar sensor: determining an expected value for the radar scatter cross-section of the object on the basis of known properties of objects to be located; estimating the radar scatter cross-section of the located object on the basis of the measured receive power level; and calculating an indicator for the degree of blindness of the radar sensor as a monotonically increasing function of the difference between the estimated radar scatter cross-section and the expected value.

Abstract: The present method and system relates to the determination of elevation angles for the case in which more than one target object is situated within a radar cell. Through the estimation according to the present invention of the elevation angles in multi-target scenarios, even in such cases both azimuth angles and elevation angles can be determined, and a reliable classification of the respective target objects can then take place. The present system also relates to a motor vehicle having a radar system that includes an azimuth and elevation angle estimation method and system.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting at least two objects, particularly using a radar system having the steps of sending out a first radio signal using a first sending device, the first sending device being situated in a horizontal plane having at least two first antenna elements, receiving the radio signal using the at least two first antenna elements, receiving the radio signal using at least two second antenna elements, which are situated in different horizontal positions each above or below corresponding first antenna elements of the horizontally situated antenna elements, calculating respectively one azimuth angle and one angle of elevation from at least two objects located in front of the first antenna elements and the second antenna elements from the first radio signal received by the first antenna elements and from the first radio signal received by the second antenna elements. Furthermore, an antenna array, a radar system, and a vehicle are provided.

Abstract: A radar sensor includes one transmitting antenna, multiple first receiving antennas with the same vertical heights, and a second receiving antenna with a vertical height different from the others. A method for determining the azimuth angle of an object with respect to the radar sensor includes steps of determining an approximation for the azimuth angle in a coarse grid based on the signals of all receiving antennas, and determining the azimuth angle in a fine grid based on the signals of the first receiving antennas in a range around the approximation.

Abstract: An angle-resolving radar sensor, e.g., for motor vehicles, includes; an antenna having multiple antenna elements which are each switchable to one of multiple evaluation channels; and an evaluation device for determining the angle of incidence of a received signal based on the amplitudes measured in the evaluation channels. The number of antenna elements is greater than the number of evaluation channels and a switching device is provided to connect the evaluation channels alternatingly to different selections of antenna elements.

Abstract: An antenna array, particularly for a radar system, having first antenna elements which are situated in a horizontal direction in a plane and which are developed to receive a first radio signal, having second antenna elements which are each situated above or below the horizontally situated first antenna elements and which are developed to receive the first radio signal, and having a processing device which is developed to calculate an azimuth angle and an angle of elevation of an object, that is located in front of the antenna array, from the radio signal received by the first antenna elements and from the radio signal received by the second antenna elements. Also described is a radar system, a vehicle and a method.

Abstract: A method for evaluating obstacles based on locating data of a radar sensor in a driver assistance system for motor vehicles, in which at least one evaluation function is calculated which indicates, as a function of a set of measured variables which are related to a potential obstacle, whether the potential obstacle is to be evaluated as a real obstacle, a complexity indicator being formed based on the locating data which indicates the complexity of a present measurement situation, and at least two different evaluation functions being defined for the same set of measured variables, and it being decided which of the evaluation functions is applied in the present measurement situation as a function of the complexity indicator.

Abstract: A radar sensor for motor vehicles, having an antenna system that can be controlled by a control device so that it has a temporally varying directional characteristic, and having an evaluation device for evaluating the radar echoes received by the antenna system and for the location of objects using angular resolution, wherein the antenna system has at least two groups of antenna elements that differ in elevation in their effective direction, and the control device is fashioned to activate and deactivate the two groups in periodically alternating fashion, and the evaluation device is configured to estimate the elevation angle of the objects on the basis of a contrast between the radar echoes received by the various groups.

Abstract: An angle-resolving radar sensor for motor vehicles having multiple antenna elements and multiple receive channels, at least two antenna elements connected to the same receive channel together having a directional characteristic having at least two main lobes having different primary sensitivity directions.

Abstract: The present method and system relates to the determination of elevation angles for the case in which more than one target object is situated within a radar cell. Through the estimation according to the present invention of the elevation angles in multi-target scenarios, even in such cases both azimuth angles and elevation angles can be determined, and a reliable classification of the respective target objects can then take place. The present system also relates to a motor vehicle having a radar system that includes an azimuth and elevation angle estimation method and system.