Abstract: An apparatus for extra-corporeal blood treatment and a method of presetting an initial mode of treatment in the opening phase of an extra-corporeal blood treatment are controlled based on the opening phase of a haemodiafiltration, in which particularly fast removal of electrolytes such as potassium or of urea occurs. The apparatus has a control and computing unit for presetting an initial mode of treatment, in which over a preset interval of time, substituate is fed to the extra-corporeal blood circuit, dialysis fluid is not fed through the dialyser and instead only ultrafiltrate is withdrawn from the dialyser and, on expiry of the preset interval of time, dialysis fluid is fed through the dialyser. Alternatively, dialysis fluid is provided during the preset interval of time through the dialyser at a dialysis fluid flow rate that is smaller than the dialysis fluid flow rate after the preset interval of time has elapsed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for calculating or approximating a value representing the relative blood volume (RBV) at a certain point of time, or a value representing the refilling volume of a patient that may be observed or found during or due to a blood treatment of the patient, the method involving considering one or more calculated or measured value(s) reflecting an overhydration level of the patient or an approximation thereof. It relates further to an apparatus and a device for carrying out the present invention, a blood treatment device, digital storage means, a computer program product, and a computer program.

Abstract: A method for calculating or estimating or approximating one or more values representing parameters of a patient includes the step of interpolating or extrapolating of at least one later value of a first parameter taking into account at least one earlier value of the first parameter, at least one earlier and at least one later value of a second parameter, and a mathematical relation between the first and the second parameter. An apparatus, a blood treatment device, a digital storage device, a computer program product, and a computer program are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the composition of medical liquids with regard to their fraction of electrolytes and non-electrolytes, comprising the steps of: determining at least one first physical parameter of the medical liquid for unambiguously determining the fraction of non-electrolytes in the medical liquid; simultaneously determining at least a second physical parameter of the medical liquid for determining the fraction of electrolytes in the medical liquid; and determining the fraction of electrolytes and non-electrolytes in the medical liquid based on the first and second physical parameter.

Abstract: Concentrate for a dialysis liquid, at least comprising one acid and one physiologically acceptable electrolyte, characterized in that the acid comprises at least one acidic ion exchanger or is an acidic ion exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for conveying fluids into the treatment unit of a medical treatment apparatus. The device and method according to the present invention are based on the fact that the fluid with which the treatment unit is supplied, circulates in a fluid circuit including the treatment unit. To balance fresh and used fluid fed to the treatment unit or conveyed from the treatment unit, a balancing unit with a balancing chamber is used, which can be incorporated into the fluid circuit including the treatment unit. It is thus possible to supply the fluid circuit continuously with fresh fluid or to carry away used fluid continuously from the fluid circuit. The supply and discharge of fresh and used fluid can take place at a different flow rate from the flow rate at which the fluid circulates in the fluid circuit via the treatment unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for predicting the concentration or the mass of hemoglobin or an approximation thereof, respectively, in a body fluid and/or an extracorporeal sample thereof of a patient at a later, second point of time, the patient having theoretically or in reality been administered a certain dose of an erythropoiesis stimulating agent at an earlier, first point of time. It relates further to a method for determining the dose of an erythropoiesis stimulating agent to be administered to a patient, to a method for determining whether a patient is affected by circumstances leading to the loss of hemoglobin, to corresponding devices and to an erythropoiesis stimulating medicament for use in the treatment of anemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for evaluating a value representing the mass or the concentration of a substance comprised by a tissue or a bodily fluid of a patient, the method including the steps of a) determining a relation between one or more calculated or measured value(s) reflecting the mass or the concentration and a distribution space of the patient or an approximation thereof, and b) assessing whether the relation fulfils a criterion. The present invention further relates to systems and computer programs for performing this method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for assessing a patient's sensitivity to fluid removal from the patient's vascular system or to fluid replacement or addition with regard to the patient's hydration state, the method comprising the step of determining a value reflecting the distribution of fluid between at least two distribution spaces of the body of the patient or changes thereof from measured or calculated values, and assessing whether the value fulfils at least one criterion. It also relates to a controller, an apparatus, a device, a digital storage device, a computer program product, and a computer program.

Abstract: A dialyzer having a hemo-dialyzer and/or a hemo-filter and an extra-corporal blood circulation with which a device for the adding of citrate to the blood is connected upstream and a device for the adding of a substitution solution containing ions to the blood is connected downstream of the hemo-dialyzer and/or of the hemo-filter. Ion concentration in the dialyzate downstream of the hemo-dialyzer and/or of the hemo-filter is detected with respect to the direction of flow of the dialyzate. The concentration of the ion, atom or molecule to be determined is reliably ascertained by preventing the complexing of the ion, atom or molecule, at least during the determination of the concentration, by the addition or withdrawal of a substance.

Abstract: A dialyser having a haemo-dialyser and/or a haemo-filter and an extra-corporal blood circulation with which a device for the adding of citrate to the blood is connected upstream and a device for the adding of a substitution solution containing ions to the blood is connected downstream of the haemo-dialyser and/or of the haemo-filter. Ion concentration in the dialysate downstream of the haemo-dialyser and/or of the haemo-filter is detected with respect to the direction of flow of the dialysate. The concentration of the ion, atom or molecule to be determined is reliably ascertained by preventing the complexing of the ion, atom or molecule, at least during the determination of the concentration, by the addition or withdrawal of a substance.

Abstract: A method for determining the concentration of an ion, atom or molecule bound in a complex. A reliable determination of the concentration of the ion, atom or molecule to be determined is possible in accordance with the invention in that the complexing of the ion, atom or molecule is prevented at least during the determination of the concentration by the addition or withdrawal of a substance. Also contemplated is a dialyser having a haemo-dialyser and/or a haemo-filter and an extra-corporal blood circulation with which a device for the adding of citrate to the blood is connected upstream and a device for the adding of a substitution solution containing ions to the blood is connected downstream of the haemo-dialyser and/or of the haemo-filter. Ion concentration in the dialysate downstream of the haemo-dialyser and/or of the haemo-filter is detected with respect to the direction of flow of the dialysate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the concentration of an ion, atom or molecule bound in a complex. A reliable determination of the concentration of the ion, atom or molecule to be determined is possible in accordance with the invention in that the complexing of the ion, atom or molecule is prevented at least during the determination of the concentration by the addition or withdrawal of a substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a quick method for the qualitative and quantitative medical-diagnostic analysis on the protein level of the substitution of single amino acids with pathogenic and non-pathogenic effects on the organism. The medical-diagnostic analysis is performed by a combination of enzymatic or chemical cleavage of the isolated peptide, chromatographical separation of the fragments and analysis by mass spectrometry, both direct LC/MS and indirect MALDI-MS, and analysis by capillary electrophoresis. By comparing protein samples from healthy humans with those of ill humans, the method described is suitable for establishing new, as yet unknown mutations and quantifying the expression and incorporation of wild type to mutant.