Abstract: A method for protecting against copying of audio, video, and/or A/V navigation data that can be captured by means of a data carrier of a predetermined specification that can be used by a device for reproducing audio and/or video data, such that audio, video, and/or A/V navigation data are arranged in a data structure that meets the specifications. To improve the protection of such data carriers against unauthorized copying, at least one modification of at least one portion of audio, video, and/or A/V navigation data that are to be protected is proposed in the data structure arrangement. A data carrier, which includes audio, video, and/or A/V navigation data of the carrier in a data structure arrangement that meets at least a predetermined specification, so that the data structure arrangement is configured according to a method according to the invention.

Abstract: A method for converting databases, structurally summarized in directories of data of an initial format meeting predetermined database specifications. The directory structure of the initial format is recorded. A directory structure of an intermediate format, having at least one database of data, is composed based on the directory structure of the initial format by at least one selection. The directory of the intermediate format is produced according to the selection. The contents of the database of data of the initial format are coded and correspond with the at least one database of data of the intermediate format in accordance with the directory of the intermediate format. The at least one database of data of the intermediate format is produced in accordance with the coding. Also, a method for reconstructive conversion of databases and a method for generating an initial format for feedback of audio and/or video information.