Abstract: Cellulose fibers are impregnated with polyethyleneimine so that the impregnation forms a type of network, which can reduce the specific resistance of the cellulose material owing to the electrical conductivity of the network. The cellulose material can thereby be advantageously adapted to use as electrical insulation of transformers, the cellulose material in this case being soaked in transformer oil. An adaptation of the specific resistance of the cellulose material to the specific resistance of the oil lead to improved dielectric strength of the transformer insulation. A method for impregnation of the cellulose material is described.

Abstract: Cellulose fibers are impregnated with polyethyleneimine so that the impregnation forms a type of network, which can reduce the specific resistance of the cellulose material owing to the electrical conductivity of the network. The cellulose material can thereby be advantageously adapted to use as electrical insulation of transformers, the cellulose material in this case being soaked in transformer oil. An adaptation of the specific resistance of the cellulose material to the specific resistance of the oil lead to improved dielectric strength of the transformer insulation. A method for impregnation of the cellulose material is described.

Abstract: A layer material for corrosion protection and to a solar receiver having such a layer material is provided. The layer material comprises a binding agent consisting of a resin containing at least one of the following substances: oligo- or polysiloxane, silicone resin, silicone, silicate, polyphosphate, and which is dissolved in a solvent, a pigment consisting of zinc microparticles having an average diameter of at least 1 um, wherein a further pigment consisting of titanium oxide or silicon oxide nanoparticles having an average diameter of no more than 100 nm is present in the layer material. The layer advantageously has a self-healing effect in addition to the corrosion protection effect thereof owing to the use of zinc particles.

Abstract: In a method for producing a starting material (M, N, N?) for the production of a wear layer (420), a coating (40) with a composition which corresponds to that of the wear layer (420) which is to be produced is chemically undissolved from its substrate (30) and is detached as a solid body, and that the starting material (M, N, N?) is formed by the layer material (60) of the detached coating (40).

Abstract: In an analysis device and a method for testing the catalytic activity of surfaces, a reaction cell is provided that has a recess for a sample that is provided with the catalytic surface. In the analysis device, an optical test of the reaction occurring in the reaction cell may occur. The reaction cell has a closed channel that is part of a fluid circuit. The reaction cell may be advantageously designed in a very space-saving manner in its scale, such that a portable use of the analysis cell is possible as well. Here, a simple measurement process of the absorption capacity of the sample fluid located in the reaction cell is conducted. To this end, a laser diode is provided, the measurement stream of which is directed into the reaction cell and reflected multiple times. The light intensity is measured by means of a photodetector.

Abstract: In a method for depositing a non-metallic, in particular ceramic, coating on a substrate (2) by cold gas spraying, the method has the steps of: producing a reactive gas flow (5) having at least one reactive gas, injecting into the reactive gas flow (5) particles (4) consisting of at least one material required for producing a non-metallic, in particular ceramic, coating material by reaction with the reactive gas, so as to form a mixture flow of reactive gas and particles (4), producing reactive gas radicals in the mixture flow, and directing the mixture flow having reactive gas radicals and particles onto a surface of a substrate (2) to be coated, and so a non-metallic, in particular ceramic, coating is deposited on the surface of the substrate (2). In addition, a description is given of a device (1) for carrying out the method.

Abstract: In a method for producing a component (20) with a coating (24) containing nanoparticles (21), it is provided that, in order to introduce the nanoparticles (21) into the coating (24), a film (19) with the dispersely distributed nanoparticles (21) is applied to the surface (22) to be coated, which decomposes with incorporation of the nanoparticles (21) during the actual coating operation and is thereby not incorporated into the layer.

Abstract: There is described a substrate with a coating; the coating contains a coating matrix in whose matrix structure multilayered and/or encapsulated nanoparticles are arranged and release a dye when a limit temperature is exceeded the first time and/or trigger a color reaction which causes the color of the coating to change irreversibly.

Abstract: A method for repairing a component such as a turbine blade is provided. At the end of its operating time, the component has, for example, a depletion of aluminium in a region near the surface. The application of a repair layer is provided including particles with an increased proportion of aluminium. A subsequent heat treatment may achieve the effect of equalizing the concentration of aluminium between the repair layer and the region near the surface, and so the aluminium content required for new components is achieved again.

Abstract: In a method particles in a thermal spraying process are entrained by a carrier gas stream and deposited on a component to be coated. The particles are dispersed in a liquid or solid additive before being introduced into a supply line which issues into the thermal spraying apparatus, the additive, after leaving the supply line, being transferred into the gaseous state in the carrier gas stream. A liquid additive evaporates or a solid additive is sublimated, whereby the particles in the carrier gas stream are separated. The dispersal of the particles in the additive simplifies an exact metering and prevents the particles from forming lumps, so that improved layers can be deposited by virtue of an improved homogeneity of the carrier gas stream. As the additive has been transferred into the gaseous state, it is not deposited in the layer.

Abstract: A powder can be produced by immersing microparticles (2) in a first solution (4) which contains coupling molecules (5), and then in a second solution (10) which contains the nanoparticles (12), thereby producing microparticles (2) with nanoparticles (12) attached thereto. The particles form powder particles (14) which allow nanoparticles (12) that are smaller than approximately 5 [mu] to be applied to a component by cold gas spraying.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cold gas spraying method with the aid of which a substrate to be coated can be coated with particles. According to the invention, it is provided that microencapsulated agglomerates of nanoparticles are used as particles. This advantageously allows the advantages that accompany the use of nanoparticles to be used for the coating. The nanoparticles are held together by microencapsulations, wherein the microencapsulated particles formed in this way that are used in the cold gas spraying method have dimensions in the micrometer range, thereby allowing them to be used in the first place in cold gas spraying The microencapsulated nanoparticles may be used for example to produce a UV protective coating on lamp bases for gas discharge lamps.

Abstract: A cladding (22) for a wall (12) includes a barrier layer (24) that can be deformed by the action of a polymer actuator (14). According to the invention, a contact surface (A) of the cladding lies completely against the wall, at least in the non-deformed state, stabilizing the intrinsically elastic wall cladding. For example, the wall cladding can be fixed to the wall (12) in the form of lamellae (22), at respective points, in such a way that the activation of the polymer actuator (14) causes the lamellae (22) to bend, thus permitting, for example, a layer (25) of ice to be detached from the cladding. Alternatively, the cladding can also be configured from a membrane actuator, which is fixed at points, or by its entire surface to the wall (12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a layer (110) having nanoparticles (40), on a substrate (100). The invention is based on the object of specifying a method for producing a layer containing nanoparticles, which method can be carried out particularly easily and nevertheless offers a very wide degree of freedom for the configuration and the composition of the layer to be produced. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that nanoparticles (40) are released and a nanoparticle stream (50) is produced in a first process chamber (10), the nanoparticle stream (50) is passed into a second process chamber (80), and the nanoparticles (40) are deposited on the substrate (100) in the second process chamber (80).

Abstract: The invention relates to a cold gas spraying method with the aid of which a substrate to be coated can be coated with particles. According to the invention, it is provided that microencapsulated agglomerates of nanoparticles are used as particles. This advantageously allows the advantages that accompany the use of nanoparticles to be used for the coating. The nanoparticles 271, 27b are held together by microencapsulations 26c, wherein the microencapsulated particles 19 formed in this way that are used in the cold gas spraying method have dimensions I the micrometer range, thereby allowing them to be used in the first place in cold gas spraying The microencapsulated nanoparticles may be used for example to produce a UV protective coating on lamp bases for gas discharge lamps.

Abstract: A method for repairing a component such as a turbine blade is provided. At the end of its operating time, the component has, for example, a depletion of aluminium in a region near the surface. The application of a repair layer is provided including particles with an increased proportion of aluminium. A subsequent heat treatment may achieve the effect of equalizing the concentration of aluminium between the repair layer and the region near the surface, and so the aluminium content required for new components is achieved again.

Abstract: In a method for producing a starting material (M, N, N?) for the production of a wear layer (420), a coating (40) with a composition which corresponds to that of the wear layer (420) which is to be produced is chemically undissolved from its substrate (30) and is detached as a solid body, and that the starting material (M, N, N?) is formed by the layer material (60) of the detached coating (40).

Abstract: In a method for producing a component (20) with a coating (24) containing nanoparticles (21), it is provided that, in order to introduce the nanoparticles (21) into the coating (24), a film (19) with the dispersely distributed nanoparticles (21) is applied to the surface (22) to be coated, which decomposes with incorporation of the nanoparticles (21) during the actual coating operation and is thereby not incorporated into the layer.

Abstract: A description is given of a method for depositing a non-metallic, in particular ceramic, coating on a substrate (2) by means of cold gas spraying, which comprises the method steps of: producing a reactive gas flow (5) comprising at least one reactive gas, injecting into the reactive gas flow (5) particles (4) consisting of at least one material required for producing a non-metallic, in particular ceramic, coating material by reaction with the reactive gas, so as to form a mixture flow of reactive gas and particles (4), producing reactive gas radicals in the mixture flow, and directing the mixture flow comprising reactive gas radicals and particles onto a surface of a substrate (2) to be coated, and so a non-metallic, in particular ceramic, coating is deposited on the surface of the substrate (2). In addition, a description is given of a device (1) for carrying out the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of, and a nozzle arrangement for, spraying cold gas. The nozzle arrangement has a first nozzle and a second nozzle, which is arranged within the first nozzle. The first nozzle is fed a gas which optionally contains particles. The second nozzle is fed a particle-containing gas. The particles are applied to a surface of the substrate by means of the gases.